Water bath heat exchange type hydrogen storage device for hydrogen kinetic energy engine vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a water bath heat exchange type hydrogen storage device for a hydrogen kinetic energy engine vehicle. The device comprises an alloy hydrogen storage tank, an outer shell, an inner shell, a heat exchange shell, a water bath circulation heat exchange mechanism, a door sealing mechanism, a driving mechanism and a sealing cover. A plurality of long-strip-shaped heat exchange pieces are fixed to the outer wall of the alloy hydrogen storage tank in the circumferential direction, and the length direction of the heat exchange pieces is the same as the axis direction of the alloy hydrogen storage tank; a hydrogen storage chamber and an air cooling chamber are arranged in the outer shell; the inner shell is fixedly mounted in the hydrogen storage chamber; the heat exchange shell is internally provided with a plurality of heat exchange cavities which are communicated with one another, and the alloy hydrogen storage tank is installed in the heat exchange cavities. The alloyhydrogen storage tank is cooled and subjected to heat exchange during hydrogen filling in a circulating water cooling mode, and the heat dissipation rate and the hydrogen absorption rate of the hydrogen storage tank are increased; the alloy hydrogen storage tank is subjected to water bath heating during hydrogen desorption, the heat absorption rate and the hydrogen desorption rate of the alloy hydrogen storage tank are increased, uniform heat exchange is guaranteed, and the energy efficiency and the output power of the whole hydrogen kinetic energy engine system can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, in particular to a water bath heat exchange type hydrogen storage device for a hydrogen kinetic energy engine vehicle. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells are one of the important ways to apply hydrogen energy. They have many advantages such as high efficiency, environmental protection, and low noise. They have good application prospects in transportation, backup power and other fields. At present, the existing on-board hydrogen storage technologies include high-pressure hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, metal hydride hydrogen storage, and adsorption hydrogen storage. Compared with traditional pressure vessels, metal hydride hydrogen storage vessels have the advantage that they can store more hydrogen per unit volume, and therefore can store more energy. To give an example: a fuel cell vehicle can travel about 500 kilometers on 5 kg of hydrogen. A high-pressure container ...

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Problems solved by technology

However, metal hydrides also have shortcomings in hydrogen storage. For example, metal hydrides will release heat when they absorb hydrogen. The hydrogen rate is reduced, so cold water needs to be used to cool it to increase the hydrogen absorption rate; the dehydrogenation of metal hydrides is an endothermic process. If the heat exchange is insufficient, the temperature will drop rapidly, which will cause the metal hydrides to be unable to desorb hydrogen quickly, making it impossible to meet the requirements. According to the requirements of fuel cells, the existing heat exchange methods mostly adopt the method of installing heat exchange fins. By installing heat exchange fins outside the hydrogen storage tank, the heat exchange area between the hydrogen storage tank and the environment is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved. The biggest disadvantage is that the heat exchange is not uniform, and the heat exchange rate between the heat exchange fins and the air is much lower than the heat exchange rate of the circulating water, which affects the hydrogen release performance of the hydrogen storage device.

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