Winch with planetary gear transmission having function of automatic gear shifting

Abstract

The invention relates to a winch with a planetary gear transmission having a function of automatic gear shifting, and belongs to the technical field of planetary gear transmissions and winches. The winch comprises a power mechanism, an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, a transmission arranged in a drum, the drum, a brake, a machine frame and a sensor, wherein the housing of which the inner diameter is tapered, of the transmission is fixed on the left machine frame; a driving shaft penetrates through a center hole of a sun wheel at the center of each level planetary gear; clutch shifters arerespectively arranged between each level planetary gear and the last level planetary gear and the drum; when the winch is at neutral gear, the clutch shifters are connected with a planetary gear carrier on the power input side and center sun wheels on the power output side; a driving unit is used for driving an executing unit tubular piece to move rightwards; the connection between a clutch and left planetary gears is separated and cut off, and right driving shaft power output gears are connected with the center sun wheel, so that gear shifting is completed; and an empty hood or light load power mechanism is used for directly driving the drum to rotate through the driving shaft. The winch disclosed by the invention with the synchronizer can be used for electric vehicles and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a hoist equipped with an automatic shifting planetary gear transmission, which belongs to the technical field of planetary gear transmissions and hoisting machines. Background technique [0002] The hoists used in mobile cranes basically have a fixed reduction ratio. The hydraulic motor and hydraulic system can have stepless or stepless speed regulation. The plunger hydraulic motor controls the movement of the oil distribution plate by changing the angle of the swash plate or by using a proportional electromagnet. Change the oil supply to achieve speed regulation. The low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor switches part of the oil circuit through the shift control valve so that the motor can work at high, medium and low speeds. Large-scale cranes use multi-pump confluence to basically improve the speed regulation; however, because variable-speed hydraulic motors are expensive and The range of speed change is limited. When the ho...

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Problems solved by technology

[0002] The hoists used in mobile cranes basically have a fixed reduction ratio. The hydraulic motor and hydraulic system can have stepless or stepless speed regulation. The plunger hydraulic motor controls the movement of the oil distribution plate by changing the angle of the swash plate or by using a proportional electromagnet. Change the oil supply to achieve speed regulation. The low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor switches part of the oil circuit through the shift control valve so that the motor can work at high, medium and low speeds. Large-scale cranes use multi-pump confluence to basically improve the speed regulation; however, because variable-speed hydraulic motors are expensive and The range of speed change is limited. When the hoist is empty-loaded, light-loaded, or the pulley block moving pulley rope winding ratio a>2 and large reduction ratio hoisting, time-consuming and energy-consuming is serious. In the video of the jib tower crane, it can be seen from the sound of the engine that the lifting of one standard section is the highest speed. According to the lifting capacity of the crane compared with the weight of the raised standard section, the lifting speed is not fast. The reduction ratio of the hoist is constant, and the key to speed up and save energy under no-load and light load is to be solved

[0003] Power mechanisms such as tower cranes and port machinery mostly use electric motors, and use frequency conversion or pole change to adjust speed. And the tower crane has a large lifting stroke. When the motor is overclocked at no-load or light load, the constant power output can be increased, but the speed can be increased without saving power. The greater the overfrequency, the greater the torque output attenuation. Overfrequency is also affected by the maximum linear speed of the high-speed gear of the reducer, noise, Restricted by vibration and other factors, frequency conversion speed regulation is a constant torque output below the industrial frequency, and the power saving effect is only significant at low frequencies; pole-changing speed regulation has the advantages of low speed regulation cost and durability, and adopts single-winding three-speed or double-winding Two-speed, etc., can get two-speed, three-speed and other multi-speed, because it is a transmission with a fixed reduction ratio, which limits the range of speed regulation and light-load energy saving; the hoist with a large transmission ratio such as mines has a model that can shift gears and adjust speed , but its variable speed range is small and the structure is huge

[0004] Nowadays, due to the increasing shortage of oil resources and serious air pollution, electric vehicles, electric vehicles for the elderly, and small electric trucks are rapidly popularized. Most of the small electric vehicles sold on the market do not have transmissions or have a small range of speed change, which makes them go uphill and save energy. Restricted, because the torque output of the vehicle transmission is small, setting a synchronizer, displacement and speed sensor in the clutch and clutch shifter of the planetary gear transmission of this patent can solve the problem that electric vehicles and other mechanisms need to change speed

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