A surface dendrite-free high-safety metal lithium anode and preparation method and application thereof

A metal lithium and negative electrode technology, applied in the field of high-safety metal lithium negative electrode and its preparation, to achieve the effects of reducing irreversible consumption, high cycle Coulomb efficiency, and reducing contact

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-12-25
SHANDONG UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Therefore, it is different from the traditional method of trying to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites. In order to ensure the safety of lithium metal batteries, the present invention finds another way to design and develop the high safety without dendrites on the surface by controlling the growth direction of lithium metal. The metal lithium negative electrode fundamentally solves the short circuit of the battery caused by lithium dendrites and the safety problems caused by it. The metal lithium negative electrode prepared by the present invention has a smooth surface and no dendrites during the cycle, and has a high cycle Coulombic efficiency. And cycle stability, great industrial application prospects and practical application value

Method used

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  • A surface dendrite-free high-safety metal lithium anode and preparation method and application thereof
  • A surface dendrite-free high-safety metal lithium anode and preparation method and application thereof
  • A surface dendrite-free high-safety metal lithium anode and preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0046] In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing the above-mentioned metallic lithium negative electrode is provided, the method comprising:

[0047] S1. Sputtering a lithium-friendly material on a three-dimensional porous substrate;

[0048] S2. Use the material prepared in step S1 and metal lithium as a counter electrode, and use the electrochemical deposition method to deposit metal lithium into the material prepared in step S1 to obtain a metal lithium negative electrode; or pour molten metal lithium into the material prepared in step S1 to obtain a metal Lithium negative electrode.

[0049] In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1,

[0050] Sputtering the lithium-philic material on one side of the three-dimensional porous matrix by magnetron sputtering, so that the lithium-philic layer formed by the lithium-philic material is distributed on the side of the fiber of the three-dimensional porous m...

Embodiment 1

[0059] (1) Preparation of three-dimensional porous copper foam with spatially anisotropic distribution of lithiophilic layer

[0060] The commercialized copper foam was rolled with a 50% strain using a roller press, then ultrasonically cleaned in dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water, and absolute ethanol in sequence, and then vacuum-dried (named CuF). Lithophilic Au layer was sputtered onto the side of CuF by magnetron sputtering method, and the Au layer was distributed on the side of the foam copper fiber facing the target, thus a three-dimensional porous copper foam with spatially anisotropic distribution of lithiophilic layer was obtained (named CuF@Au).

[0061] (2) Preparation of a high-safety metal lithium anode without dendrites on the surface

[0062] Cut the above-mentioned three-dimensional porous copper structure with Au layer distributed anisotropically into a certain shape, assemble a button battery with metal lithium as the counter electrode, and deposit 1m...

Embodiment 2

[0065] (1) Preparation of three-dimensional porous copper foam with spatially anisotropic distribution of lithiophilic layer

[0066] The commercialized copper foam was rolled with a 50% strain using a roller press, then ultrasonically cleaned in dilute hydrochloric acid, deionized water, and absolute ethanol in sequence, and then vacuum-dried (named CuF). Lithophilic Au layer was sputtered onto the side of CuF by magnetron sputtering method, and the Au layer was distributed on the side of the foam copper fiber facing the target, thus a three-dimensional porous copper foam with spatially anisotropic distribution of lithiophilic layer was obtained (named CuF@Au).

[0067] (2) Preparation of a high-safety metal lithium anode without dendrites on the surface

[0068] Cut the above-mentioned three-dimensional porous copper structure with Au layer distributed anisotropically into a certain shape, assemble a button battery with metal lithium as the counter electrode, and deposit 2m...

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Abstract

The invention provides a surface dendrite-free high-safety metal lithium anode and a preparation method and application thereof, which relate to the technical field of battery electrode material preparation. Due to the inherent thermodynamic and kinetic tendency of the growth of lithium metal dendrites, lithium dendrites cannot be completely avoided in the long-term cycling process. Therefore, unlike the traditional method of inhibiting the growth of lithium dendrites with great efforts, in order to ensure the safety of lithium metal batteries, the invention explores another way to control thegrowth direction of lithium metal to design and develop surface dendrite-free metal lithium anodes, so as to fundamentally solve the battery short circuit caused by lithium dendrites and the safety problem caused by the lithium dendrites. The lithium metal anode prepared by the invention has smooth surfaces and no dendrite in the cycle process, has high cycle coulomb efficiency and cycle stability, and has extremely industrialized application prospect and practical application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery electrode material preparation, in particular to a high-safety metal lithium negative electrode with no dendrites on the surface and a preparation method and application thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, commercial lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in energy storage devices and have an important impact on people's daily life. However, it is very difficult for conventional Li-ion batteries using conventional graphite materials as anodes to meet the increasing energy storage demands, which requires battery systems with higher energy density to meet the demands. Lithium metal has an ultra-high theoretical specific capacity (3,860 mAh g -1 ) and the lowest electrochemical reduction potential (-3.04V relative to standard hydrogen electrode), it is a promising anode material for secondary batteries. Based on its excellent performance, lithium-based lithium battery syste...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/66H01M4/80H01M10/052
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/66H01M4/661H01M4/80H01M10/052Y02E60/10
Inventor 慈立杰侯广梅孙启迪艾青彭瑞芹
Owner SHANDONG UNIV
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