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Hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and application thereof

A technology for lithium-ion batteries and negative electrode materials, applied in battery electrodes, secondary batteries, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of high rate performance of specific capacity, difficulty in taking advantage of the advantages of biomass carbon materials, long preparation time and other problems, and achieve discharge ratio Improved capacity and rate efficiency, fast radial ion diffusion characteristics, and shortened Li-ion migration paths

Active Publication Date: 2018-11-30
CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Some researchers have tried to directly pyrolyze biomass raw materials to obtain carbon anode materials. However, the shape of the carbon anode material is irregular, and it is difficult to fully exert the characteristics of large specific capacity and excellent rate performance when applied to anode materials.
For example, the Chinese patent document with the publication number CN107623105A uses biological waste (such as taro stems, rice husks, etc.) Moreover, the particle size of the carbon material is large and the shape is irregular, so it is difficult to give full play to the advantages of the biomass carbon material
The Chinese patent document whose publication number is CN106948032A uses commercial cellulose as a raw material to prepare carbon fiber negative electrode materials through catalytic graphitization. The carbon fiber negative electrode materials prepared by this method have inconspicuous fibrous morphology and small specific capacity (368 mAh / g ) and other characteristics, it is difficult to really replace the existing graphite anode materials

Method used

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  • Hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and application thereof
  • Hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium ion battery as well as preparation method and application thereof

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preparation example Construction

[0035] Such as figure 1 Shown, a kind of preparation method of hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:

[0036] (1) Immerse the biomass raw material in the nitric acid solution, and perform pretreatment at 60 ℃ to 90 ℃ to remove the lignin, hemicellulose and pectin components in the biomass raw material to obtain a suspension;

[0037] (2) Ultrasonically disperse the suspension obtained in step (1) in water, filter and dry to obtain raw wood fiber, then heat it up to 700 ℃ ~ 1100 ℃ under the protection of inert gas for pyrolysis and carbonization, and cool to room temperature to obtain lithium ion battery. Hollow carbon fiber anode material.

[0038] In the above step (1), preferably, the biomass raw material includes wood and / or bamboo; the ratio of the mass of the biomass raw material to the volume of the nitric acid solution is 5 g to 15 g: 50 mL to 150 mL, and the The concentration of nitric acid solution is 10...

Embodiment 1

[0042] A hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery of the present invention, the negative electrode material has a fiber-like microscopic appearance, and the diameter of the hollow carbon fiber is 1 μm to 10 μm. When the charge and discharge current is 50 mA / g, the first discharge specific capacity is 639.6 mAh / g, the charge specific capacity is 422.4 mAh / g, and the first Coulombic efficiency is 66.0%. A method for preparing a hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0043] (1) After the green bamboo was removed from the moso bamboo, it was crushed through a 40-mesh sieve, and 5 g of bamboo powder was weighed and added to 70 mL of nitric acid with a mass concentration of 30%, and stirred at 80 °C for 3 h to remove lignin and hemifibres. Ingredients such as vitamins and pectin. After the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature to obtai...

Embodiment 2

[0049] A method for preparing a hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:

[0050] (1) Crush pine wood through a 40-mesh sieve, weigh 10 g, add it to 120 mL of 30% nitric acid, and stir at 80 °C for 3 h to remove lignin, hemicellulose, and pectin. After the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature to obtain a golden yellow suspension.

[0051] (2) Ultrasonically disperse the obtained golden yellow suspension in water for 30 min, filter and dry to obtain raw wood fiber, then put it into a tube furnace with argon gas for pyrolysis and carbonization, raise the temperature to 1000 °C at 10 °C / min and keep it warm 1 h. After pyrolysis and carbonization, cool to room temperature to obtain a powdery hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, the microscopic appearance of which is hollow and fibrous.

[0052] The button battery was assembled acc...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery as well as a preparation method and application thereof. A micro morphology of the carbon fiber negative electrode material for the lithium ion battery is in a hollow fiber shape. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) soaking a biomass raw material in a nitric acid solution, performing the lignin removal treatment at 60 to 90 DEG C, and obtaining suspension; and (2) ultrasonically dispersing the obtained suspension, filtering, drying, obtaining primary wood fibers, then heating to 700 to 1100 DEG C under the protection of inert gas, performing the pyrogenic carbonization, thus obtaining the carbon fiber negative electrode material. The negative electrode material of the invention can well reserve the hollow fibrous morphology, and has the characteristics of large specific capacity, and excellent rate capability. The preparation method of the invention is rich in source of raw materials, environment-friendly, recyclable, and capable of being widely applied to the preparation field of the lithium ion battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention mainly relates to the field of lithium ion battery materials, in particular to a hollow carbon fiber negative electrode material for lithium ion batteries and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, the rapid development of portable electronic products such as mobile phones, tablet computers, and notebook computers, as well as the continuous popularization of new energy electric vehicles, have continuously increased the demand for energy storage systems. As one of the power sources of new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries have been included in my country's "National Medium and Long-term Science and Technology Development Program" (2006-2020). Graphite is widely used as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries because of its good stability and long cycle life. However, due to the theoretical specific capacity of graphite is only 372 mAh / g, the graphite anode material has been unable to meet the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/583H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/583H01M10/0525H01M2004/021Y02E60/10
Inventor 张翔胡进波李贤军刘贡钢
Owner CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY
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