Pretreatment method for recycling waste power lithium battery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery, in particular to a pretreatment method for recycling a waste power lithium battery. The method comprises the following steps of performing perforated discharge on a waste power lithium battery with completely released electrolyte; disassembling the completely-discharged waste power lithium battery, so that a battery shell and a battery inner core are obtained; performing low-temperature heat treatment on positive and negative electrode materials, and damaging the bonding effect of an adhesive PVDF; performing shearing type crushing on the positive and negative electrode materials which are already subjected to low-temperature heat treatment; and carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on an aluminum foil and a copper foil in the primary dissociation material, so as to obtain the aluminum foil and the copper foil which are completely dissociated from a lithium iron phosphate powder coating layer and a carbon powder coating layer, wherein the dissociation rate reaches 90%-95%. By adoption of the pretreatment method for recycling the waste power lithium battery, the dissociation rates of lithium battery positive and negative electrode copper foil and the carbon powder coating layer, and the aluminum foil and the lithium iron phosphate powder coating layer are improved, the time for recycling the waste power lithium batteries is shortened, and then the recovery efficiency of the waste power lithium batteries is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, in particular to a pretreatment method for recycling waste power lithium batteries. Background technique [0002] Since the 21st century, all countries in the world have regarded the development of new energy vehicles as an extremely important task. The large-scale promotion of pure electric vehicles in the market has led to more and more commercial production of power batteries for their core components. As of 2018, my country's waste power lithium battery production capacity has entered the top three in the world, and various companies are still planning to expand on a large scale production capacity. Although the waste power lithium battery has not yet entered the stage of large-scale scrapping, its production and sales have increased significantly in recent years, and a large number of waste power lithium batteries will inevitably be generated in the next few years. It is estimated...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the recovery rate of scrapped power lithium batteries in my country is less than 2%. Compared with the rapidly growing electric vehicles and supporting industries, the research process on the recycling of scrapped power lithium batteries lags seriously behind.

However, the current traditional pretreatment stage only relies on ultrasonic cleaning to clean the inner core of the broken waste power lithium battery after discharge, the copper foil of the negative electrode material of the waste lithium battery and the powder coating of carbon powder, the aluminum foil of the positive electrode material and the powder coating of lithium iron phosphate are difficult to dissociate. Completely, the dissociation rate is below 70%. In order to increase the dissociation rate of copper foil and carbon powder coating, aluminum foil and lithium iron phosphate powder coating, the ultrasonic cleaning time is generally increased, but if the cleaning time is too long, it will cause copper foil and lithium iron phosphate powder coating. The aluminum foil is broken, which will directly affect the winnowing and screening link in the post-processing stage of the waste power lithium battery mechanical recycling process, seriously reducing the winnowing and screening efficiency and sorting rate, and reducing the overall recycling efficiency

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