Detection method for geometrical errors of rotation shaft of five-axis numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a detection method for geometrical errors of a rotation shaft of a five-axis numerical control machine tool, belongs to the technical field of machine tool precision detection, and relates to a detection and identification method for the geometrical errors of the rotation shaft of the five-axis numerical control machine tool. The detection method comprises the steps that image information of a concentric target are collected by a binocular camera and used for representing the actual movement information of the rotation shaft, the three-dimensional coordinate information of a feature point is acquired finally through camera calibration and image processing, and the movement track represents the space movement track of one point on the rotation shaft; and through combination of a multi-body system theory of the machine tool and a subcoordinate transformation theory of the machine tool, the errors PIGE having no relation to the position of the rotation shaft and the errors PDGE having a relation to the movement position of the rotation shaft are identified and measured. The method effectively achieves detection and identification of the geometrical errors of the rotation shaft of the machine tool, the measurement process is simple and fast, and the measurement efficiency is high. The requirements for the operation track of the machine tool are simple in the measurement process, cooperation with other shafts is not needed, and other shaft linkage errors are avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of geometric error detection of machine tools, and relates to a geometric error detection method of a rotary axis of a five-axis numerically controlled machine tool. Background technique [0002] With the continuous advancement of manufacturing technology, the demand for mechanical parts with complex geometry and high precision has increased dramatically. Compared with traditional three-axis machine tools, five-axis machine tools have three linear motion axes and two rotary motion axes. The ability to provide feed in two directions of rotation makes the machining process of the machine tool more flexible, so more and more five-axis machine tools are applied to the manufacturing industry. In the research of five-axis CNC machine tools, how to improve their machining accuracy has become the main focus . The geometric error of the machine tool can well reflect the processing quality of the parts, and the rapid and accur...

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Problems solved by technology

Fu Jianzhong of Zhejiang University, the patent number is: CN103878641 A "A general-purpose identification method for the geometric error of the rotary axis of a five-axis CNC machine tool" established a measurement model for the geometric error of the rotary axis of a five-axis CNC machine tool by using a ballbar measuring device, and identified two rotation axes 16 geometric errors of the rotating shaft, but this method requires 3 measurement modes of the ballbar, and the measurement accuracy is affected by the installation accuracy of the ballbar, and the measurement cycle is longer

Liu Xinjun of Tsinghua University, the patent number is: CN 105479268 A "Recognition method for geometric error of swing axis of five-axis CNC machine tool based on RTCP" invented a general measurement method for geometric error of swing axis of five-axis CNC machine tool with RTCP function, and measured the swing axis multiple geometric error measurement, this method is only for the swing axis of the five-axis machine tool, and the measurement target is relatively single

Zhou Xiangdong of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, the patent number is: CN 105136031 A "a continuous measurement method for the geometric error of the rotary axis of a five-axis machine tool", using a laser tracker combined with three laser target balls to measure the geometry of the rotary axis and the swing axis of a five-axis machine tool However, the positioning accuracy of the pitch angle of the laser tracker is low, which has a certain impact on the measurement accuracy of the error, and the cost of the laser target ball is high, and the cost of the overall measurement equipment is relatively high

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