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Method for removing bacteria from blood using high flow rate

A technology of bacteria and bacterial infection, which can be applied in blood circulation treatment, medical equipment, and disease resistance to vector-borne diseases, and can solve problems such as the increase in the incidence of sexual CRE

Active Publication Date: 2016-12-21
EXTHERA MEDICAL
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Currently, most cases of CRE bacteremia are nosocomial infections, but there is concern that the incidence of community-acquired CRE may increase

Method used

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  • Method for removing bacteria from blood using high flow rate
  • Method for removing bacteria from blood using high flow rate
  • Method for removing bacteria from blood using high flow rate

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0108] Example 1. Removal of bacteria with low or undetectable affinity for heparan sulfate

[0109] This example illustrates the use of heparin-coated beads to remove bacterial pathogens with low or undetectable affinity for heparan sulfate from whole blood.

[0110] It has been reported in the literature that more than 50 different pathogens target heparan sulfate proteoglycan on syndecan as the initial binding site during their pathology. Surprisingly, surface-bound heparin can function as a substitute for organism-bound heparan sulfate.

[0111] Our studies have shown that heparinized adsorption media can remove high concentrations of S. aureus and MRSA from whole blood. In addition, studies have shown that bacteria bound to the heparinized surface are not killed and thus do not release potential inflammatory toxins and their by-products into the blood. Thus, heparin-conjugated mediators can be used in extracorporeal devices to efficiently and safely remove circulating b...

Embodiment 2

[0141] Example 2. Adsorption media with a hydrophilic surface

[0142] This example shows that adsorption media comprising a hydrophilic surface can be used to remove bacteria from whole blood or serum.

[0143] The adsorption media described herein contain surface topography that enables them to bind pathogens such as those that have no or low affinity for heparin ( Figure 1A ). Without being bound by any particular theory, it is believed that rough, uneven or wavy surfaces may facilitate the affinity of bacteria to the adsorption medium.

[0144] Figure 1B Human blood smear images are shown for comparison. figure 2 A size comparison is shown for bacteria (eg, Staphylococcus aureus and Chlamydia) and viruses (eg, poxviruses, herpesviruses, influenza viruses, and picornaviruses (polioviruses)).

Embodiment 3

[0145] Example 3: Blood filter for high linear flow rate extracorporeal therapy

[0146] This example provides an exemplary design for an extracorporeal filter cartridge to accommodate high linear flow rates.

[0147] Extracorporeal blood filters can be designed to operate safely at the specific flow rates used by common pump systems. If the pressure drop across the blood filter is too great, hemolysis may occur. Typically, dialysis systems are operated using pressures below 34 kPa to avoid the risk of hemolysis.

[0148] For a cartridge filled with packed sorbent media, the pressure drop across the cartridge depends on the flow rate, particle size, particle module, height of the packing medium, and viscosity of the blood. If the filter media is not rigid enough, then with increased blood flow, compaction of the media may occur, resulting in reduced porosity, which may create unsafe pressures.

[0149] The first variable to be determined is the smallest particle size that c...

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Abstract

The present invention provides methods for removing a significant amount of bacteria (e.g., gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria, including bacteria with no or low affinity for heparan sulfate) from whole blood, serum or plasma using an adsorption media. The method can be used in extracorporeal treatments involving high volumetric flow rates and high linear flow rates.

Description

[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This application claims priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 984,013, filed April 24, 2014, the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. Background of the invention [0003] Bloodstream infection, or bacteremia, is a major challenge in the intensive care unit (ICU). Bacteremia can rapidly lead to septic shock, meningitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and other metastatic complications. Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriacea are the most common bacteria causing bacteremia and nosocomial infections. Outcome severity in bacteremic patients was related to bacterial load and duration of bacteremia. For example, quantitative RT-PCR studies in patients with E. coli and S. aureus bacteremia showed that when the amount of rDNA was increased to more than 1,238 copies / ml, mortality increased from 14.3% to 42.9%, while septic shock increased fro...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A61M1/36
CPCB01J20/3204B01J20/321B01J20/3212B01J20/3274B01J20/3293B01J2220/62B01J20/28004B01J20/26B01J20/28016B01J20/28023A61M1/3679A61M1/3486A61M1/3692A61M2202/0057A61M2202/0413A61M2202/203
Inventor K·麦克雷R·沃德
Owner EXTHERA MEDICAL
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