Biomass garbage combustion system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a biomass garbage combustion system and method. The garbage combustion system comprises a first conveying device, a second conveying device, a circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator and a cyclone furnace, wherein the first conveying device and the second conveying device are communicated with a feeding port of the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator respectively; the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator is used for combusting biomass garbage primarily and is provided with a bottom slag discharging port and a smoke outlet, the bottom slag discharging port is used for discharging bottom slag after combustion in the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator, and the smoke outlet is communicated with the cyclone furnace and used for guiding unburnt biomass and fly ash in the circulating fluidized bed garbage incinerator into the cyclone furnace for combustion; the cyclone furnace is used for combusting materials entering the cyclone furnace secondarily, so that the biomass and the fly ash are molten into glass materials and discharged from the bottom, and produced smoke is guided out for follow-up treatment. The biomass garbage combustion system and method can effectively solve the problems of high probability of coking and ash accumulation, lower incineration temperature and the like caused by high content of alkali metal in the biomass.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a biomass waste combustion system and method Background technique [0002] The inorganic elements contained in straw biomass raw materials mainly include potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, calcium, silicon, phosphorus, etc., which are the main elements that cause slagging and ash deposition in the process of biomass thermochemical conversion and utilization. [0003] Depending on the type and amount of inorganic elements contained in the biomass, the thermochemical conversion process and the specific reactor type used, the problems caused by alkali metals have various manifestations, such as: [0004] 1. In a high-temperature combustion environment, alkali metals and their related inorganic elements may form slag in the furnace or enter the gas phase, and deposit on the heating surface in the form of steam and fly ash particles, affecting the thermal efficiency...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] 1. In a high-temperature combustion environment, alkali metals and their related inorganic elements may form slag in the furnace or enter the gas phase, and deposit on the heating surface in the form of steam and fly ash particles, affecting the thermal efficiency of the boiler and causing damage to the heat exchange surface severe corrosion;

[0005] 2. When a fluidized bed is used as a combustion or gasification reactor, the alkali metal in the biomass raw material may react with the bed material to form a low-melting eutectic compound, which will cause particle agglomeration, hinder fluidization, and even cause fluidization failure

In the prior art, during the biomass incineration process (especially the yellow straw with high alkali metal content), since the incineration temperature of the fluidized bed incinerator cannot reach above 800 degrees, the yellow straw biomass with high metal content is gasified There is no fundamental solution to the high-temperature coking problem. Although some measures can reduce its harm, this problem always limits the temperature of biomass incineration and cannot obtain high-quality steam with high parameters.

[0006] The above situations will lead to increased equipment maintenance costs, reduced availability and shortened operating cycles, which will greatly weaken the applicability of the entire biomass conversion and utilization system and its competitiveness in the energy market

[0007] In addition, if the biomass is processed by a cyclone furnace, due to the limitation of the feeding method, the biomass must be broken into smaller particles before entering the cyclone furnace for incineration, and after the biomass enters the cyclone furnace, an ignition device must be added for ignition before it can be burned , which also increases the difficulty of biomass treatment

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