Flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate which has the following structural general formula: (img file='DDA0000446234650000011.TIF' wi='1650' he='1656' / ). The invention also discloses a method for preparing the flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate as well as application of adding the flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate into polyolefin or epoxy resins. The flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate provided by the invention has the effects of acid source and air source, also has a novel carbon source effect, can be independently taken as a flame retardant to be applied to a high polymer material and is small in addition amount and good in flame-retardant effect. Moreover, the flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate is mature in preparation method, simple and convenient in operation, easy to control and convenient for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flame-retardant ammonium polyphosphate and its application, and in particular relates to a flame-retardant modified ammonium polyphosphate and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] High molecular polymers are widely used due to their good properties, such as mechanical properties and machinability. However, with the widening of the application range, flammability has become one of the reasons that limit its further application. In order to improve the flammability of polymers, people began to add compound systems that can prevent them from burning. In the existing compound flame retardant system, intumescent flame retardant is currently recognized as an environmentally friendly and efficient flame retardant for high molecular polymers. [0003] The traditional intumescent flame retardant system mainly consists of three components: acid source, gas source and carbon source...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the carbon forming agent is an important part of the expansion system. Although it can form a stable char layer under the catalysis of the acid source and cover the surface of the substrate to achieve the purpose of flame retardancy, the synthesis process of the carbon forming agent is generally relatively slow. Complex, and most of the solvents used will cause harm to the environment and human body

As another important component of traditional intumescent flame retardants, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) not only makes it an ideal acid in chemical intumescent flame retardant systems because of its high content of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N). It can also play the role of part of the gas source, but its water resistance, thermal stability and substrate compatibility are poor, so people's research is mostly focused on how to solve its water resistance, thermal stability and substrate compatibility sexual aspect

If it is physically coated with a char-forming agent, it is a pity that the physical coating often has the disadvantages of unstable coating shell, easy to break, etc., so that it cannot achieve the desired effect

There are very few studies on the chemical modification of ammonium polyphosphate used as a flame retardant alone in flame retardant polymer materials, such as the "organic amine modified ammonium polyphosphate and its preparation method" researched and developed by the inventor in the early stage and applied for a patent (Application No.: 201310271824.8), although the ammonium polyphosphate modified by organic amine can be used alone as a flame retardant in flame-retardant polymer materials, but its addition is relatively large, generally ≥ 30wt% to make the vertical Combustion reaches the standard of UL-94 (3.2mm) V-0, which is not efficient for some polymer material systems

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