Furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for crops

Abstract

The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation techniques, and relates to a cultivation method for crops, in particular to a furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for the crops. The method includes the steps of farmland selection, soil preparation, ditching, ridging, basal dressing, intercropping of plants among ridge surfaces according to specification layout, ridge surface straw mulching and furrow body film mulching after crop seeding, top dressing in the seedling stage and the fast-growing stage of the plants, and recovery of mulching film after harvest. The method overcomes shortcomings of straw mulching and film mulching, achieves sustainable production of the crops, reduces waste of agricultural resources and environmental pollution, improves rainfall infiltration, restrains soil evaporation, improves hydrothermal conditions of soil, improves the nutrient status of the plants due to nutrients provided by straw, protects cultivated land, prevents loss of water and fertilizer on the surface of the soil, improves yields of the crops, changes an existing mulching cultivation production method for the crops, and achieves the purpose of protective mulching cultivation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cultivation method for crops, in particular to a composite covering cultivation method of crops with furrows, membranes, ridges and straws, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation. Background technique [0002] Field mulching is a crop cultivation technique with a long history. Nowadays, the main covering materials widely used in agricultural production in various countries in the world are various types of plastic film. The wide application of plastic film has greatly promoted the development of farmland covering cultivation and the improvement of crop yield, but due to its anti-decomposition characteristics, the residues in The mulch in the soil or into the surrounding environment is difficult to degrade naturally, causing the so-called "white pollution". Agricultural wastes such as straw and livestock manure are excellent mulches with a long history of application. They not only promote crop growth ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the existing crop mulching cultivation measures, there are some problems, such as: the plastic film will cause white pollution, and the water retention and heat preservation effect of the straw is not as good as that of the plastic film. Physical barriers are not conducive to the use of water by crops. If straw is covered in furrows and is far away from the roots of crops, the nutrients and protection provided by straw will be weakened.

[0004] In the existing mulching cultivation method, the soil surface of the cultivated land is often bare without any protection. It is easy to cause the loss of water and fertilizer when it is washed by rainwater, which will cause environmental pollution and the quality of cultivated land will decline.

At the same time, the soil temperature and water content fluctuate greatly, and it does not have a good buffer capacity for water and temperature. At the same time, it will cause great damage to the soil, destroy the soil structure, and reduce the soil quality.

[0005] In the existing crop mulching cultivation measures, the presence of plastic film will cause white pollution, and the water retention and heat preservation effect of straw is not as good as that of plastic film. At the same time, the plastic film covering the ridge surface also becomes a physical obstacle for rainwater to infiltrate into the soil, which is not conducive to crops. For the utilization of water, if the straw is covered in the furrow and is far away from the roots of the crops, the nutrients and protection provided by the straw will be weakened.

[0006] Therefore, in the existing mulching cultivation methods, it is difficult to overcome the shortcomings of straw mulching and plastic film mulching, and it is also difficult to give full play to the advantages and potentials of the two mulching methods, which affects the sustainable production of crops.

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