Mechanical reversing speed reducer and vertical type pumping unit

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical reversing speed reducer and a vertical type pumping unit. The mechanical reversing speed reducer is applicable to various reversing-driving-needing fields of petroleum, mines, ports and the like. A reversing mechanism is characterized in that a motor inputs power into a speed reduction gearbox in which two sets of parallel planetary gear trains are arranged, each of the two sets of the planetary gear trains is shifted through a hydraulic braking device to enable the planetary gear trains to alternately operate in a free state and a speed reduction driving state, the back of the two sets of the planetary gear trains is provided with a merging gear set to merge the power and drive a second stage speed reduction planetary gear train to finally transmit the power to a head sheave, the working condition of the two sets of the parallel planetary gear trains is shifted alternately through the hydraulic braking device, and the mechanical reversing operation of the head sheave is achieved. The reversing mechanism of the mechanical reversing speed reducer and the vertical type pumping unit is long in service life, low in failure rate, stable in operation, highly efficient, energy-saving and compact in structure, and can adjust different travel speed according to specific working conditions so that the oil extraction of an oil well can reach the best economic benefit.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a reversing mechanism of a vertical oil pumping unit, belongs to the field of petroleum exploitation, and is applicable to various mines, ports and other fields requiring reversing transmission. Background technique [0002] Compared with the traditional beam pumping unit, the vertical pumping unit has many advantages, such as improving oil recovery efficiency and increasing oil production; reducing wear and tear, improving the life of sucker rods and pumps; stable displacement and small dynamic load , fewer accidents; smooth operation, low fatigue stress, less stress cycles, etc. By adopting the long-stroke oil pumping method, the actual stroke loss of the plunger of the oil well pump is small, which can improve the displacement coefficient and filling coefficient of the oil well pump, improve oil recovery efficiency, increase oil production, and reduce oil recovery costs. [0003] However, the vertical pumping unit also has ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] But there are still a lot of problems in the existing chain pumping unit and the pumping unit adopting frequency conversion reversing motor

[0009] For the chain pumping unit, its reversing mechanism is bulky, has many parts, complex structure and high cost

The lubrication system of the reversing mechanism is semi-open, and its resistance to the pollution and erosion of the external environment is weak. The area of ​​use is greatly restricted, such as strong windy sand areas, high cold areas, etc. It cannot be used

This kind of reversing mechanism is difficult to maintain and replace. After wear and tear, vibration and noise will be generated, which will further reduce the cushioning effect, deteriorate the use of the whole machine, and pose a great safety hazard.

[0010] When the belt is used to replace part of the steel wire rope in the transmission, although the cushioning and noise are improved, the belt is expensive, short in life, difficult to replace and maintain, and is more sensitive to harsh environments such as wind and sand, which is greatly restricted in use.

[0011] For pumping units using frequency conversion reversing motors, in theory, frequency conversion reversing motors can achieve the best reversing buffering action, but the problem of this method is more troublesome, using electrical methods for forced deceleration and frequent starting, electrical control The system is complex, it is difficult to adapt to the harsh environment, and the technical requirements for maintenance and repair are high. The buffer energy is consumed by the heat generation of electrical components, which makes heat dissipation difficult and the life is short, which often leads to shutdown accidents, and the use of high-power frequency converters has a great impact on the power grid. The high-frequency pollution affects the operation of other equipment. These shortcomings make the market share of this pumping unit decline year by year.

Due to the short-term (about 5-10 seconds) uninterrupted repeated change of direction of the frequency conversion motor, the motor continues to heat up, which greatly reduces the service life

[0012] In addition, in the vertical pumping unit, during the reversing operation of the upper and lower dead centers, the sucker rod and the counterweight need to move completely in the opposite direction. Due to the heavy weight of the sucker rod and the counterweight, The inertia is very large, and the stop and start of the commutation will consume a lot of energy, which will cause a great impact on the transmission mechanism and shorten the life of various parts. , the efficiency of the equipment is low, the wear is serious, and the energy consumption is large

Images