The invention provides a rod-holding and backward walking machine with a sliding base as well as mounting and use methods of the rod-holding and backward walking machine, and belongs to the fields ofexercise machines and exercise methods. The rod-holding and backward walking machine comprises an electric backward walking machine body, and is characterized in that left and right limiting groove rack front frames, left and right limiting groove rack rear frames, left and right linear guider rails, left and right moving rod limiting grooves, left and right sliders with locks, left and right bearings with bases, left and right bearing shafts, left and right moving rod brackets, left and right sleeving type telescopic moving rods, left and right compression springs, left and right handles, a locking mechanism, and left and right protection boards are respectively arranged on left and right running platform racks, wherein the width of the moving rod limiting grooves is adjustable, and safety protection devices are arranged. The rod-holding and backward walking machine has the advantages of being simple, attractive, firm and space-saving, and has the dual efficacies of rod-holding exercise and backward walking, the resistance intensity can be adjusted, meanwhile, the upper half body and the lower half body are exercised, various exercise methods are available, exercise can be carriedout when electricity is available or not available, the safety factor of exercise is enhanced, and the movement method, movement pleasure and movement effect are increased.