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Decontamination solution and method

a technology of decontamination solution and solution, applied in the field of compositions, can solve the problems of corrosive corrosiveness, flammability and toxicity of hypochlorite formulations, and certain undesirable properties

Inactive Publication Date: 2001-06-05
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, these known methods use compositions which have certain undesirable properties, including corrosiveness, flammability and toxicity.
For example, hypochlorite formulations are very corrosive and toxic.
Additionally, many decontaminants degrade upon exposure to water and carbon dioxide, requiring that these solutions be prepared and used the same day they are needed.
Further, application of the hypochlorite decontaminant often requires substantial scrubbing for removal and destruction of the chemical warfare agent, a procedure which limits its use.
Further, DS2 may cause corrosion to aluminum cadmium, tin, and zinc after prolonged contact, and softens and removes paint.

Method used

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  • Decontamination solution and method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Decontamination Formulations

A. OAC / Oxidizer Decontaminant

A currently preferred decontaminant composition of the invention contains the following components:

Component Weight Percent Benzyltrimethylammonium chloride 16 Benzyltriethylammonium chloride 4 Hydrogen Peroxide 20 Isobutanolamine 30 Water 30 Total: 100

The decontaminant was prepared as follows. Because of their hygroscopic natures, benzylmethylammonium chloride (28.1 g) and benzyltriethylammonium chloride (6.1 g) were oven dried before use. These compounds were then added to a heated (about 45.degree. C.) mixture of water (3 g) and isobutanolamine (56.1 g). The final mixture was stirred until the solid components have dissolved.

The composition is adjusted to a pH of 9.+-.0.15 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and mixed 4:1 w / w with 35% hydrogen peroxide. The final product was a clear golden color.

This formulation was used in the neutralization studies in Example 2 below. Two formulations which contained no oxidizer were pre...

example 2

Neutralization of VX

A QAC / oxidizer decontaminant of the invention was prepared as described in Example 1A above and used at a dilution of 20:1 w / w decontaminant:VX. For comparative purposes, a decontaminant containing a QAC mixture, but no oxidizer (prepared as described in Example 1C above was used at a dilution of 10:1 w / w decontaminant:VX.

The neutralization reactions were conducted under ambient conditions. 0.1 mL of VX (CAS Registry No. 50782-69-9) in a 13.times.100 mm culture tube was immediately Vortex mixed upon addition of 1.0 or 2.0 mL decontaminant. A 0.025 mL aliquot of the mixture was immediately withdrawn, and then added to and mixed with 4.97 mL 0.2M sodium dihydrogen phosphate to quench the reaction. Serial dilutions, using deionized water, were made to bring the concentration of the quenched reaction mixture into the analytical range of the acetylcholinesterase inhibition method (0.0002 micrograms). Additional 0.025 mL aliquots of the original mixture were withdrawn ...

example 3

Neutralization of Chemical Warfare Agents

The following assays were used to assay the ability of the decontaminants described herein to neutralize HD (sulfur mustard) and GD. The decontaminant:agent w / w ratios are 50:1 for HD and 20:1 for GD.

A. HD Neutralization Assay

The neutralization reactions were conducted under ambient conditions as follows. 150 mg of HD (sulfur mustard, CAS Registry No. 505-60-2) in a 13.times.100 mm culture tube was immediately Vortex mixed upon addition of 1.0 mL decontaminant. A 0.025 mL aliquot of the mixture was immediately withdrawn, and then added to and mixed with 1.0 mL n-butanol to quench the reaction. Serial dilutions, using n-butanol, were made to bring the concentration of the quenched reaction mixture into the analytical range of the DB-3 colorimetric analytical method (0.5-20 micrograms HD). Additional 0.025 mL aliquots of the original mixture were withdrawn after specified time periods, and treated and analyzed in the manner just described. The ...

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Abstract

A chemical warfare agent decontamination solution made up of about 20% of a quaternary ammonium complex containing benzyltrimethylammoniumchloride and benzyltriethylammonium chloride and about 20% by weight of an oxidizer, dissolved in a solvent, such as water or glycol, is provided. This solution is a noncorrosive, nontoxic, nonflammable decontaminant, which may also be used to neutralize organophosphorus agricultural chemicals.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates generally to the field of compositions useful in decontamination of material, equipment and personnel exposed to chemical warfare agents.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONMethods for decontamination of chemical warfare agents, which include a variety of organophosphorus and organosulfur compounds, are known in the art. However, these known methods use compositions which have certain undesirable properties, including corrosiveness, flammability and toxicity. For example, hypochlorite formulations are very corrosive and toxic. Additionally, many decontaminants degrade upon exposure to water and carbon dioxide, requiring that these solutions be prepared and used the same day they are needed. Further, application of the hypochlorite decontaminant often requires substantial scrubbing for removal and destruction of the chemical warfare agent, a procedure which limits its use.One decontaminant, Decontamination Solution 2 (DS2), is useful against a vari...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A62D3/00A62D3/30A62D3/36A62D3/38A62D101/02A62D101/04A62D101/26A62D101/28
CPCA62D3/30A62D3/38A62D2101/02A62D2101/04A62D2101/26A62D2101/28
Inventor CRONCE, DONALD T.
Owner THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
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