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Cysteine engineered antibodies and conjugates

a technology of engineered antibodies and conjugates, applied in the field of antibodies, can solve the problems of potential problems such as the inability to engineer in cysteine thiol groups by the mutation of various amino acid residues of a protein to cysteine amino acids, and the inability to separate analytical and preparative methods,

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-09-25
GENENTECH INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent is about a new type of antibody that has a specific amino acid residue added to it, called cysteine. This added residue can be used to attach the antibody to other molecules or structures, making it possible to create a variety of new conjugates for use in research and medicine. The invention is using a mutagenization process to modify the antibody's nucleic acid sequence to add the cysteine residue, and then expressing and isolating the modified antibody. The technical effect of this invention is the creation of a new tool for research and medicine that can be used to create new conjugates with antibodies for various applications.

Problems solved by technology

Analytical and preparative methods are inadequate to separate and characterize the antibody-drug conjugate species molecules within the heterogeneous mixture resulting from a conjugation reaction.
Furthermore, the multistep conjugation process may be nonreproducible due to difficulties in controlling the reaction conditions and characterizing reactants and intermediates.
Engineering in cysteine thiol groups by the mutation of various amino acid residues of a protein to cysteine amino acids is potentially problematic, particularly in the case of unpaired (free Cys) residues or those which are relatively accessible for reaction or oxidation.
Furthermore, if the protein oxidatively forms an intramolecular disulfide bond between the newly engineered Cys and an existing Cys residue, both Cys groups are unavailable for active site participation and interactions.

Method used

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  • Cysteine engineered antibodies and conjugates
  • Cysteine engineered antibodies and conjugates

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

Preparation of Biotinylated ThioFab Phage

[0292]ThioFab-phage (5×1012 phage particles) were reacted with 150 fold excess of biotin-PEO-maleimide ((+)-biotinyl-3-maleimidopropionamidyl-3,6-dioxaoctainediamine, Oda et al (2001) Nature Biotechnology 19:379-382, Pierce Biotechnology, Inc.) for 3 hours at room temperature. Excess biotin-PEO-maleimide was removed from biotin-conjugated phage by repeated PEG precipitations (3-4 times). Other commercially available biotinylation reagents with electrophilic groups which are reactive with cysteine thiol groups may be used, including Biotin-BMCC, PEO-Iodoacetyl Biotin, Iodoacetyl-LC-Biotin, and Biotin-HPDP (Pierce Biotechnology, Inc.), and Nα-(3-maleimidylpropionyl)biocytin (MPB, Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oreg.). Other commercial sources for biotinylation, bifunctional and multifunctional linker reagents include Molecular Probes, Eugene, Oreg., and Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.

example 2

PHESELECTOR Assay

[0293]Bovine serum albumin (BSA), erbB2 extracellular domain (HER2) and streptavidin (100 μl of 2 μg / ml) were separately coated on Maxisorp 96 well plates. After blocking with 0.5% Tween-20 (in PBS), biotinylated and non-biotinylated hu4D5Fabv8-ThioFab-Phage (2×1010 phage particles) were incubated for 1 hour at room temperature followed by incubation with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labeled secondary antibody (anti-M13 phage coat protein, pVIII protein antibody). FIG. 8 illustrates the PHESELECTOR Assay by a schematic representation depicting the binding of Fab or ThioFab to HER2 (top) and biotinylated ThioFab to streptavidin (bottom).

[0294]Standard HRP reaction was carried out and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm. Thiol reactivity was measured by calculating the ratio between OD450 for streptavidin / OD450 for HER2. A thiol reactivity value of 1 indicates complete biotinylation of the cysteine thiol. In the case of Fab protein binding measurements, hu4D5Fabv8 (...

example 3a

Expression and Purification of ThioFabs

[0295]ThioFabs were expressed upon induction in 34B8, a non-suppressor E. coli strain (Baca et al (1997) Journal Biological Chemistry 272(16):10678-84). The harvested cell pellet was resuspended in PBS (phosphate buffered saline), total cell lysis was performed by passing through a microfluidizer and the ThioFabs were purified by affinity chromatography with protein G SEPHAROSE™ (Amersham).

[0296]ThioFabs L-V15C, L-V110C, H-A88C, and H-A121C were expressed and purified by Protein-G SEPHAROSE™ column chromatography. Oligomeric-Fab was present in fractions 26 to 30, and most of the monomeric form was in fractions 31-34. Fractions consisting of the monomeric form were pooled and analyzed by SDS-PAGE along with wild type hu4D5Fabv8 and analyzed on SDS-PAGE gel in reducing (with DTT or BME) and non-reducing (without DTT or BME) conditions. Gel filtration fractions of A121C-ThioFab were analyzed on non-reducing SDS-PAGE.

[0297]ThioFabs were conjugated ...

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Abstract

Cysteine engineered antibodies comprising a free cysteine amino acid in the heavy chain or light chain are prepared by mutagenizing a nucleic acid sequence of a parent antibody and replacing one or more amino acid residues by cysteine to encode the cysteine engineered antibody; expressing the cysteine engineered antibody; and isolating the cysteine engineered antibody. Certain highly reactive cysteine engineered antibodies were identified by the PHESELECTOR assay. Isolated cysteine engineered antibodies may be covalently attached to a capture label, a detection label, a drug moiety, or a solid support.

Description

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13 / 154,672, filed 7 Jun. 2011, which claims the benefit under 35 USC §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61 / 352,728 filed on 8 Jun. 2010, each of which is incorporated by reference in their entireties.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The invention relates generally to antibodies engineered with reactive cysteine residues and more specifically to antibodies with therapeutic or diagnostic applications. The cysteine engineered antibodies may be conjugated with chemotherapeutic drugs, toxins, affinity ligands such as biotin, and detection labels such as fluorophores. The invention also relates to methods of using antibodies and antibody-drug conjugate compounds for in vitro, in situ, and in vivo diagnosis or treatment of mammalian cells, or associated pathological conditions.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Antibody drug conjugates (ADC) are attractive targeted chemo-the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K47/48
CPCA61K47/48415A61K47/48384A61K45/00A61K51/1051C07K2319/31C07K2317/52A61K47/68033A61K47/68031A61K47/6811A61K47/6817A61K47/6829A61K47/6855A61K47/6889A61K47/6801A61K47/6851A61P1/04A61P1/16A61P13/12A61P17/00A61P17/04A61P17/06A61P19/02A61P21/00A61P21/04A61P25/00A61P25/16A61P25/28A61P27/02A61P27/16A61P29/00A61P35/00A61P35/02A61P37/02A61P37/06A61P43/00A61P5/14A61P5/38A61P7/00A61P7/06A61P9/00A61P9/10A61P3/10A61K47/50A61K38/17A61K38/18A61K39/395C07K14/435C07K14/475C07K16/18C07K16/22C07K16/24C07K16/28C07K19/00C07K16/46A61K47/6819A61K47/6803C07K16/00C07K16/3092C07K16/32C07K2317/55
Inventor BHAKTA, SUNILJUNUTULA, JAGATH R.
Owner GENENTECH INC
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