Method And Device For Producing Operating Materials Or Fuels

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and to devices for producing operating materials or fuels, humus, Maillard or similar reaction products from a solid-liquid mixture of water and a carbonaceous component and for treating said mixture, wherein the solid-liquid mixture is treated at a temperature of over 100° C. and a pressure of over 5 bar.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe application relates to a method and apparatus for the production of materials or fuels, humus, Maillard or Maillard-like reaction products from a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component and for the treatment thereof, wherein the solid-fluid mixture is treated at a temperature of over 100° C. and a pressure of over 5 bar.1. State of the ArtIn 1913, Friedrich Bergius described the production of coal from wood or cellulose at temperatures between 245 and approximately 340° C. with exclusion of air in a laboratory reactor without the use of catalysts for the first time in his postdoctoral document “the use of high pressures in chemical processes and a reproduction of the development process of coal”. The carbon contents measured in the elementary analysis were usually above 70 percent. A calculation of the exothermic reaction of cellulose carried out by Bergius in this process was essentially confirmed in July 2006 by Professor Marku...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

An exemplary method according to the invention provides that the carbon-containing solid-fluid mixture and / or the feed material are additionally processed prior to and / or during the treatment, and / or the reaction, intermediate secondary and / or end products are conditioned or processed. By virtue of this purposeful preparation or pre-treatment of the solid-fluid mixture and the further processing of the solid liquid mixture during the treatment or the reaction process and / or the reprocessing of the reaction, intermediate, secondary and / or end products, the yield of fuel, humus, carbon-containing materials and / or Maillard or Maillard-like reaction products can be substantially increased in a cost-effective manner.

The combustion characteristics of the fuel are in particular more advantageous, not only compared to fossil types of coal, but also compared to most of the currently available fuels of renewable raw materials. At least one, but often several or all of the following parameters are more favorable with fuels, in particular compared to the feed material or alternative fossil or biomass fuels: reduced ash parts, less chlorine, nitrate, sulfur, heavy metals and lower emissions of dust, fine dust and gaseous toxic substances including nitrogen and sulfur oxides. This is also valid for the compacted forms of fuels such as briquettes and pellets.

Problems solved by technology

The use of humid biomass for energy recovery through the production of a fuel which is as consistent as possible is aimed for a long time, but has been limited in its use up to now due to the lacking efficiency.

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