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Mobile terawatt femtosecond laser system (MTFLS) for long range spectral sensing and identification of bioaerosols and chemical agents in the atmosphere

a terawatt femtosecond laser and long-range spectral sensing technology, applied in the direction of luminescent dosimeters, instruments, optical radiation measurement, etc., can solve the problem that the patent does not address the application of atmospheric spectral sensing of atmospheric gases, and achieves high accuracy, reduced false alarms, and high range resolution

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-07-31
APPLIED PHOTONICS WORLDWIDE
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Benefits of technology

The system significantly reduces false alarms and detection time by one order of magnitude, achieving molecular specificity and rapid identification of a wide range of threats, including bio-agents, with a minimum detection limit of 5-10 spores per liter of air.

Problems solved by technology

However, this patent does not address applications associated with atmospheric spectral sensing of atmospheric gases, pollutants and biological agents using femtosecond terawatt laser generated filaments as light sources.

Method used

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  • Mobile terawatt femtosecond laser system (MTFLS) for long range spectral sensing and identification of bioaerosols and chemical agents in the atmosphere
  • Mobile terawatt femtosecond laser system (MTFLS) for long range spectral sensing and identification of bioaerosols and chemical agents in the atmosphere
  • Mobile terawatt femtosecond laser system (MTFLS) for long range spectral sensing and identification of bioaerosols and chemical agents in the atmosphere

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Embodiment Construction

[0035] According to this invention, an fs-TW laser system is comprised of a femtosecond laser (10), pulse stretcher (11), pulse amplifier (12) and chirp generator (13). The final pulse duration is approximately 80 to 100 fs and the energy is of the order 300 mJ per pulse resulting in a pulse power between approximately 3 and 3.5 TW. The pulse shape is analyzed by a pulse diagnostic system (14) and then directed to an off-axis telescope (15). The slightly focused laser beam (16) then creates a channel (filament) in the atmosphere (17) and the emitted light from the filament interacts with the bio-aerosol cloud (18). The backscattered light (19) is collected by means of a receiving telescope (20) and then analyzed by different types of spectrometers (21 and 22) and photo-multipliers (23 and 24), where the IR spectrometer (21) measures the differential absorption in the bio-cloud and the VIS / UV spectrometer (22), the absorption and / or fluorescence of the cloud. As can be seen in FIG. 1...

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a system for detection and identification of airborne biological, chemical and / or nuclear threats such as toxins, spores, bacteria, and viruses in real time at distances from a few meters to several kilometers. Compact femtosecond terawatt laser technology is combined with spectroscopic and mathematical methods for spectral sensing of airborne warfare agents such as bio-aerosols. Trigger sensors and standoff devices based on mobile terawatt femtosecond laser systems are provided that may be placed at strategic monitoring locations. Furthermore, the invention relates to the propagation of airborne ultra-short, ultra-intense laser pulses giving rise to plasma channels (filamentation) producing white light supercontinuum ranging from the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), near infra-red (NIR) and middle infra-red (MIR). According to this invention, the supercontinuum can be directly produced in a particle cloud and hence is uniquely suitable for multi-spectral long-range atmospheric agent and radioactive isotope detection.

Description

[0001] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 60 / 458,757, filed Mar. 28, 2003 which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention is related to detection and identification of airborne biological and chemical threats in real time at distances from a few meters to several kilometers. Advanced compact femtosecond terawatt laser technology is combined with state-of-the-art spectroscopic and computational methods. These methods are implemented in a unique mobile standoff detection system. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] U.S. Pat. No. 5,175,664 to Diels et al. describes a method and arrangement for discharge of lightning using ultra-short laser pulses. This proposed method enables discharges of electricity transmitted via conductive ionized channels produced by one or more first laser pulses of wavelengths essentially within the ultraviolet (UV) range. The preferred wavelength of operation is about...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): G01N21/00G01J3/44G01J3/30G01T1/10G01J1/58G21H3/02G21K5/00F21V9/16H01J65/06H01J65/08
CPCG01J3/10G01J3/36G01J3/42G01J3/44G01N2201/0697G01N21/636G01N21/65G01N2021/1793G01N2021/6417G01J11/00
Inventor BRUCH, REINHARDGIETL, JUTTA
Owner APPLIED PHOTONICS WORLDWIDE
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