Reactor of selective-permeation membrane type

Abstract

A selectively permeable membrane reactor 100 includes a reaction tube 1 including an internal space 24 having a supply port 22 as an inlet port for a raw material gas 11 and a discharge port 23 as an outlet port for an unseparated gas 12, and a separation tube 4 inserted into the internal space 24 of the reaction tube 1. The separation tube 4 includes a selectively permeable membrane 5 exhibiting selective permeability for a specific component on a surface facing the internal space 24 of the reaction tube 1, and a process port 25 as an outlet port for a separated gas 13 which has passed through the selectively permeable membrane 5, and a catalyst for promoting a chemical reaction is provided in the internal space 24 of the reaction tube 1 excluding the separation tube 4. The selectively permeable membrane reactor 100 is characterized in that a catalyst is carried by a foamed body 7 having porous structure to form a foam-molded product and suppresses physical and chemical deterioration in the selectively permeable membrane and allows a mixed gas produced by a catalytic reaction to be efficiently separated and taken out through the selectively permeable membrane.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a selectively permeable membrane reactor used to produce, separate, and take out a specific gas component from a raw material gas utilizing chemical reaction. BACKGROUND ART [0002] Hydrogen (gas) has been widely used as a basic material gas in the field of petrochemistry. In recent years, hydrogen has attracted attention as a clean energy source. Hydrogen may be obtained by producing a hydrogen-containing mixed gas from a main raw material gas such as a hydrocarbon (e.g. methane, butane, or kerosene) or an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon (e.g. methanol, ethanol, or dimethyl ether) and a secondary raw material gas such as water (steam), carbon dioxide, or oxygen by utilizing a chemical reaction such as a reforming reaction, a partial oxidation reaction, or a decomposition reaction, and separating and taking out hydrogen from the mixed gas using a selectively permeable membrane (e.g. palladium alloy membrane) which selectively allo...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides a selectively permeable membrane reactor that can efficiently separate mixed gas produced by catalytic reaction using a foamed body with a porous structure as a catalyst. The foamed body has a high porosity, low flow resistance, and an extremely large contact area with a fluid, resulting in excellent contact efficiency. The reactor also includes a separation tube with a selectively permeable membrane, which allows for the separation of the mixed gas produced by the catalyst. The pore size of the foamed body is preferably 50 μm to 3 mm, and the flow resistance should be controlled to ensure optimal separation efficiency.

Problems solved by technology

However, according to the above selectively permeable membrane reactor, since the catalyst is provided as a packed bed between the separation tube having the selectively permeable membrane on its surface and the reaction tube, there arises a problem that the catalyst contacts the selectively permeable membrane to cause the selectively permeable membrane to physically and chemically deteriorate.

In particular, a decrease in separation / recovery efficiency may occur to a large extent as the flow rate of the raw material gas increases.

As a result, there arises a problem that a sufficient mixed gas separation effect is not achieved.

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