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Use of mixed duplex oligonucleotides to effect localized genetic changes in plants

a technology of mixed duplex oligonucleotides and genetic changes, which is applied in the direction of peptide sources, applications, peptides, etc., can solve the problems of non-regenerable tissue, and the inability to disclose the use of mdon to make genetic changes

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-12-21
ARNTZEN CHARLES +3
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the scientific publications do not disclose that MDON can be used to make genetic changes in plant cells.
Frequently, transformed protoplasts of monocotyledonous plants result in non-regenerable tissue or, if the tissue is regenerated the resultant plant is not fertile.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Male Sterility

[0051] Certain commercially grown plants are routinely grown from hybrid seed including corn (maize, Zea maize), tomatoes and most other vegetables. The production of hybrid seed requires that plants of one purebred line be pollinated only by pollen from another purebred line, i.e., that there be no self pollination. The removal of the pollen-producing organs from the purebred parental plants is a laborious and expensive process. Therefore, a mutation that induces male-sterility i.e., suppresses pollen production or function, would obviate the need for such process.

[0052] Several genes have been identified that are necessary for the maturation or function of pollen but are not essential for other processes of the plant. Chalcone synthase (chs) is the key enzyme in the synthesis of flavonoids, which are pigments found in flowers and pollen. Inhibition of chs by the introduction of a chs antisense expressing gene in the petunia results in male sterility of the plant. V...

example 2

Alteration of Carbohydrate Metabolism of Tubers

[0055] Once harvested, potato tubers are subject to disease, shrinkage and sprouting during storage. To avoid these losses the storage temperature is reduced to 35-40° F. However, at reduced temperatures, the starch in the tubers undergoes conversion to sugar, termed “cold sweetening”, which reduces the commercial and nutritional value of the tuber. Two enzymes are critical for the cold sweetening process: acid invertase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. Zrenner, R., et al., 1996, Planta 198, 246-252 and Spychalla, J. P., et al., 1994, J. Plant Physiol. 144, 444-453, respectively. The sequence of potato acid invertase is found in EMBL database Accession No. X70368 (SEQ ID NO. 1) and the sequence of the potato UDP Glucose pyrophosphorylase is reported be Katsube, T. et al., 1991, Biochem. 30, 8546-8551. Accordingly, the present embodiment of the invention provides for a method of preventing cold sweetening by the interruption of the ac...

example 3

Reduction in Post Harvest Browning Due to PPO

[0056] Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is the major cause of enzymatic browning in higher plants. PPO catalyzes the conversion of monophenols to o-diphenols and of o-dihydroxyphenols to o-quinones. The quinone products then polymerize and react with amino acid groups in the cellular proteins, which results in discoloration. The problem of PPO induced browning is routinely addressed by the addition of sulfites to the foods, which has been found to be associated with some possible health risk and consumer aversion. PPO normally functions in the defense of the plant to pathogens or insect pests and, hence, is not essential to the viability of the plant. Accordingly, the present embodiment of the invention provides for a method of preventing enzymatic browning by the interruption of the PPO gene by introduction of a frameshift, one or more in-frame termination codons or by interruption of the promoter in apple, grape, avocado, pear and banana.

[005...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention concerns the use of duplex oligonucleotides about 25 to 30 base pairs to introduce site specific genetic alterations in plant cells. The oligonucleotides can be delivered by mechanical (biolistic) systems or by electroporation of plant protoplasts. Thereafter plants having the genetic alteration can be generated form the altered cells. In specific embodiments the invention concerns the alteration in the gene that encode acid invertase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, polyphenol oxidase, O-methyl transferase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, ACC synthase and ACC oxidase or etr-1 or homolog of etr-1, and plants having isolated point mutations in such genes.

Description

1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The field of the present invention relates to methods for the improvement of existing lines of plants and to the development of new lines having desired traits. The previously available methods of obtaining genetically altered plants by recombinant DNA technology enabled the introduction of preconstructed exogenous genes in random, atopic positions, so-called transgenes. In contrast the present invention allows the skilled practitioner to make a specific alteration of a specific pre-existing gene of a plant. The invention utilizes duplex oligonucleotides having a mixture of RNA-like nucleotides and DNA-like nucleotides to effect the alterations, hereafter “mixed duplex oligonucleotides” or MDON. 2. BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION 2.1 MDON and Their Use to Effect Specific Genetic Alterations [0002] Mixed duplex oligonucleotides (MDON) and their use to effect genetic changes in eukaryotic cells are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,565,350 to Kmiec (Kmiec I). ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/00C12N15/82C12N5/04C07K14/435A01H5/00C12N5/10C12N15/09C12N15/10
CPCC07K14/43595C12N15/102C12N15/8207C12N15/8213C12N15/8289C12N15/8245C12N15/8247C12N15/8251C12N15/8274C12N15/8243C12N15/82C12N15/11C12N15/87
Inventor ARNTZEN, CHARLESKIPP, PETERKUMAR, RAMESHMAY, GREGORY
Owner ARNTZEN CHARLES
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