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Catalyst, electrode, membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell

a technology of membrane electrodes and catalysts, applied in the direction of cell components, physical/chemical process catalysts, metal/metal-oxide/metal-hydroxide catalysts, etc., can solve the problems of lowering the power generation efficiency of fuel cells and the inability of fuel cells to exhibit excellent power generation efficiency, and achieve excellent power generation efficiency

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-09-21
KK TOSHIBA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0013] An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst, an electrode, a membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell, which exhibits an excellent power generation efficiency.

Problems solved by technology

However, where the electrode catalyst is prepared by allowing metals other than platinum, e.g., by allowing gold or a gold alloy, to be carried by carbon black, a difficulty is brought about that the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is lowered.
However, since the metal oxides disclosed in the publication quoted above are insulating materials, it was impossible for the fuel cell to exhibit an excellent power generation efficiency.

Method used

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  • Catalyst, electrode, membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell
  • Catalyst, electrode, membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell
  • Catalyst, electrode, membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

[0114]

[0115] In the first step, a perovskite type oxide of Sr0.9Nd0.1TiO3, which is used as the catalyst carrier, was prepared as follows.

[0116] Specifically, mixed were SrCO3 (compound A shown in Table 1), which was manufactured by Rare Metallic Inc., and TiO2, which was manufactured by High Purity Chemical Inc., in a stoichiometric ratio, followed by provisionally burning the mixture at 1,100° C. for 10 hours under the air atmosphere. Then, the mixture was mixed again, followed by formally burning the mixture for 10 hours so as to obtain SrTiO3. Further, SrTiO3 was mixed with Nd2O3 (compound B shown in Table 1), which was manufactured by High Purity Chemical Inc., TiO2 and Ti, which was manufactured by High Purity Chemical Inc., in a stoichiometric ratio, followed by provisionally burning the mixture at 1,500° C. for 8 hours while allowing 5% H2 / Ar gas to flow into the burning system. Further, the mixture was mixed again, followed by formally burning the mixture at 1,600° C. for ...

examples 2 to 10

[0140] Various kinds of catalyst carriers as shown in Table 1 were obtained as in Example 1, except that the kinds of the compounds B were changed as shown in Table 1 and the mixing ratios of the compounds B were changed. Then, catalysts for the electrodes included in the fuel cells were manufactured as in Example 1, except that used were the catalyst carriers noted above. The surface of the catalyst thus manufactured was observed with a TEM, with the result that the gold particles (catalyst particles) were found to have been carried on the surface of the catalyst carrier. The average particle diameter of the catalyst particles was found to be 2 nm, and the average particle diameter of the catalyst carriers was found to be 100 nm. The CV measurement was applied to the catalysts thus manufactured as in Example 1. Table 1 also shows the results as in Example 1.

[0141] Then, cathodes were manufactured as in Example 1, except that used were the catalysts described above. Then, a fuel ce...

example 11

[0142] SrTiO3 obtained as in Example 1, La2O3 used as compound B, TiO2 and Ti were mixed in a stoichiometric ratio and, then, the mixture was sintered with SPS at 1170° C. so as to obtain the catalyst carrier of the kind shown in Table 1. Then, catalysts for the electrodes included in the fuel cells were manufactured as in Example 1, except that used were the catalyst carriers noted above. The surface of the catalyst thus manufactured was observed with a TEM, with the result that the gold particles (catalyst particles) were found to have been carried on the surface of the catalyst carrier. The average particle diameter of the catalyst particles was found to be 2 nm, and the average particle diameter of the catalyst carriers was found to be 100 nm. The CV measurement was applied to the catalysts thus manufactured as in Example 1. Table 1 also shows the results as in Example 1.

[0143] Then, cathodes were manufactured as in Example 1, except that used were the catalysts described above...

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Abstract

Disclosed is a catalyst, including a catalyst particle containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of gold, platinum and an gold alloy, the gold alloy containing gold and at least one element selected from transition metal elements of the fourth period, fifth period and sixth period of the Periodic Table, and a catalyst carrier carrying the catalyst particle and containing a perovskite type oxide represented by general formula (1) given below: A(1-x)BxTiOy  (1) where the element A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba, the element B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu, the molar ratio x satisfies 0<x<1, and the molar ratio y satisfies 2.7≦y≦3.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-073725, filed Mar. 15, 2005, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field of the Invention [0003] The present invention relates to a catalyst, an electrode, a membrane electrode assembly, and fuel cell. [0004] 2. Description of the Related Art [0005] In a fuel cell, a fuel such as hydrogen and methanol is electrochemically oxidized within the cell so as to convert the chemical energy of the fuel directly into an electric energy so as to take out the electric energy. In thermal power generation, NOx or SOx is generated by the combustion of the fuel. However, the fuel cell is free from the generation of SOx or NOx and, thus, attracts attention as a supply source of a clean electric energy. [0006] In the fuel cell, a catalyst prepared by allowing active metal par...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/90H01M8/10
CPCH01M4/90H01M4/9075H01M4/921H01M4/925H01M8/1011H01M2004/8689Y02E60/523Y02E60/50
Inventor EGUCHI, TOMOKONAKANO, YOSHIHIKOMEI, WUFUKAZAWA, TAISHI
Owner KK TOSHIBA
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