Method for preparing acetylene by hot plasma cracking methane containing gas

Abstract

A process for preparing acetylene by using hot plasma to crack the gas containing methane includes such steps as using plasma generator to ionize the argon or N2 or H2 to form a plasma jet, spraying raw gas via a gas inlet ring in reactor, mixing the plasma jet with the raw gas in the reactor, cracking reacting, and quickly cooling the cracked gas in an expansion cavity of cooler to obtain acetylene, carbon black and H2.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing acetylene, in particular to a method for producing acetylene by plasma cracking methane-containing gas. The technical scheme of the invention is a mature industrial method, which can be directly applied to the field of chemical engineering in which methane-containing gas is used as raw material to prepare acetylene. Background technique [0002] At present, the methods for domestic production of acetylene are calcium carbide hydrolysis and natural gas partial oxidation, and there are also electric arc methods abroad. [0003] The production of acetylene by calcium carbide hydrolysis begins with smelting calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) to get calcium oxide (CaO), calcium oxide and water (H 2 O) The reaction produces acetylene. The whole process has a lot of CO 2 And calcium carbide slag (CaOH) is produced, which pollutes the environment very much, and it is difficult to control it centrally. Partial oxida...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] After the feed gas enters the reactor, it cannot be heated quickly with the stream gas, which directly affects the reaction effect of the feed gas, resulting in low methane conversion rate and low product yield; the temperature in the reactor is not easy to keep stable, and the feed gas in the reactor The residence time is not easy to control, and the yield of the target product acetylene and the by-product carbon black cannot be controlled according to the needs; there is no economical and effective rapid cooling measure for the cracked gas after the reaction, and the produced acetylene is cracked into carbon black, and the yield of acetylene is low; The reactor has carbon formation, which is not easy to handle

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