Ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding method and device for gradient functional composite material

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding device for a gradient functional composite material. The ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding device comprises a rack, a preset piece sample preparation assembly and an ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding assembly, wherein the preset piece sample preparation assembly and the ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding assembly are installed on the rack. The ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding assembly comprises a laser micro-cladding head assembly and an ultrasonic-assisted workbench assembly. The invention also provides an ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding method for the functional gradient composite material, which comprises the following steps: in the early stage of implementation, according to the gradient material theory, preparing a preset sheet sample through the procedures of controlling the component proportion of the copper-based composite material, performing a wet ball milling process, performing ultrasonic-assisted processing on the preset sheet, performing vacuum drying and demolding and the like; and then preparing the preset sheet sample into the graphene/copper-based gradient functional composite coating through a multi-channel and multi-layer processing mode under the action of a composite energy field based on an ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding process. According to the method, the high-quality gradient functional composite coating can be formed in a metallurgical bonding mode through the laser micro-cladding technology.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method and a device for ultrasonic-assisted laser micro-cladding of gradient functional composite materials. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of industrial manufacturing technology, it is difficult for a single-component material to meet the service conditions under complex working conditions. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend of future development to optimize the material structure and improve the performance of the material through composite processing of the material. Composite material is a kind of multi-phase material structure composed of two or more component materials with different properties and different forms. Make up for the shortcomings, so that the comprehensive performance of the composite material is better than that of the original material to meet its performance requirements. However, when a variety of ma...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, laser cladding technology is not widely used in the processing of copper-based composite materials, and it involves two core issues: on the one hand, there are shortcomings in laser cladding technology itself, such as 1) the surface tension of the molten pool causes surface ripples; 2) the rapid local high temperature Cracks appear due to uneven stress in the internal structure caused by differences in cooling, temperature gradient, thermal expansion and shrinkage; 3) Multiple layers of overlapping cladding lead to excessive remelting, resulting in uneven grain size and local collapse of the metallurgical bonding structure , which in turn causes cladding defects in the upper layer to be inherited to the lower layer

On the other hand, there are defects in the physical and chemical properties of copper-based materials. 1) copper materials have low laser absorption rate, high reflectivity, and high requirements for laser power; 2) copper materials have fast thermal conductivity and high thermal expansion rate, making it difficult to form a stable molten pool. Laser cladding with other materials, thermal expansion coefficient and wetting problems lead to cracks and interface failure

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