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Recovery method of waste lithium iron phosphate battery

A lithium iron phosphate battery, recycling method technology, applied in battery recycling, waste collector recycling, secondary batteries and other directions, can solve the problems of secondary environmental pollution, long process flow, large amount of waste residue, etc., and achieve low energy consumption of auxiliary materials, The effect of short process flow and efficient recovery

Pending Publication Date: 2022-01-14
湖南金凯循环科技股份有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the dismantling process, the existing process mainly separates the battery liquid and diaphragm by high-temperature heating. During the heating process, a large amount of flue gas containing harmful components such as chlorides and dioxins is generated, causing secondary pollution to the environment.
[0004] In addition, after the existing battery recycling process is crushed and screened, the copper, iron, and aluminum contents in the positive electrode battery powder are still relatively high. and copper removal, the process flow is long, the efficiency is low, and a large amount of waste residue will be generated, which will affect the recovery rate of valuable metals

Method used

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  • Recovery method of waste lithium iron phosphate battery

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] Step 1: crush the pretreated waste lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain crushed materials;

[0036] Step 2: Put the crushed material in a closed environment for heating reaction, collect the condensed electrolyte by negative pressure to obtain solid material, the reaction temperature is 150°C, and the collected electrolyte can be purified and reused as battery electrolyte;

[0037] Step 3: Physically separate the solid materials to obtain copper, iron, aluminum, diaphragm and battery powder, wherein the content of copper in the battery powder is 0.2%-6.0%, the content of aluminum is 0.2%-6.0%, and the content of iron is 0.2% %-6.0%;

[0038] Step 4: adding the battery powder obtained after the physical separation into a nitric acid solution with a concentration of 30%, reacting for 6 hours at a reaction temperature of 40°C, and filtering to obtain lithium iron nitrate leaching solution and solid waste residue;

[0039] Step 5: Add water, lithium hydroxide, and lit...

Embodiment 2

[0042] Step 1: Discharge the waste lithium iron phosphate battery first, then crush it to obtain crushed materials;

[0043] Step 2: put the crushed material in a closed environment for heating reaction, collect the condensed electrolyte through negative pressure to obtain solid material, and the reaction temperature is 200°C;

[0044] Step 3: The solid material is subjected to secondary crushing, and the diameter of the material after secondary crushing is less than 1.5cm; the secondary crushing material is screened, and then magnetic separation and gravity separation are used to obtain copper, iron, and aluminum , diaphragm and battery powder, wherein the content of copper in battery powder is 0.2%-6.0%, the content of aluminum is 0.2%-6.0%, and the content of iron is 0.2%-6.0%;

[0045] Step 4: add the battery powder obtained after the sorting to a nitric acid solution with a concentration of 50%, react for 10 hours, and the reaction temperature is 60°C, filter to obtain li...

Embodiment 3

[0049] Step 1: crush the pretreated waste lithium iron phosphate battery to obtain crushed materials;

[0050] Step 2: put the crushed material in a closed environment for heating reaction, collect the condensed electrolyte through negative pressure to obtain solid material, and the reaction temperature is 250°C;

[0051] Step 3: Physically separate the solid materials to obtain copper, iron, aluminum, diaphragm and battery powder, wherein the content of copper in the battery powder is 0.2%-6.0%, the content of aluminum is 0.2%-6.0%, and the content of iron is 0.2% %-6.0%;

[0052] Step 4: add the battery powder obtained after the physical separation into a nitric acid solution with a concentration of 10%, react for 15 hours at a reaction temperature of 80°C, and filter to obtain lithium iron nitrate leaching solution and solid waste residue;

[0053] Step 5: adding water and sodium carbonate to the lithium iron nitrate leaching solution, adjusting the pH value of the lithium...

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Abstract

The invention provides a recovery method of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery. According to the technical scheme, an electrolytic solution in a waste battery is separated and collected in a low-temperature heating mode in closed equipment, and a battery diaphragm cannot be decomposed under the low-temperature heating condition, so that the subsequent recycling of the diaphragm is facilitated while a large amount of toxic and harmful gases such as chlorides, dioxin and the like generated by high-temperature heating are avoided. According to the scheme, by using nitric acid, iron and lithium in a battery positive electrode material lithium iron phosphate are selectively leached, and metal copper, metal iron and metal aluminum are not leached, so that copper, iron and aluminum are effectively separated at a time, wherein the concentrations of copper, aluminum and iron in the leaching solution are all smaller than 0.1 g / L, the leaching rates of iron and lithium in the battery positive electrode material lithium iron phosphate are both larger than 99.2%, and the used nitric acid can be recycled while iron and lithium can be efficiently recycled. According to the method, cation impurity elements are not brought in in the recovery process, the technological process is short, the energy consumption of auxiliary materials is low, the obtained nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium metal solutions are high in purity, and the recovery rates of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium are all larger than 99.0%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of lithium battery recycling, in particular to a method for recycling waste lithium iron phosphate batteries. Background technique [0002] Lithium iron phosphate batteries are widely used in the field of new energy vehicles due to their low cost, high safety performance and good cycle performance. With the rapid development of the new energy industry, a large number of lithium iron phosphate batteries will face the problem of scrapping in the future. Untreated chemical substances such as battery positive and negative electrode materials and polyolefin separators will cause serious pollution to the ecological environment. Therefore, the development of an efficient lithium iron phosphate battery recycling method is not only conducive to environmental protection, but also can avoid waste of resources. [0003] Lithium iron phosphate batteries mainly include four parts: positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyt...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0525H01M10/54C01B25/37C01D15/08
CPCH01M10/54H01M10/0525C01B25/375C01D15/08Y02E60/10Y02W30/84
Inventor 颜群轩颜群湘肖绍辉
Owner 湖南金凯循环科技股份有限公司
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