Smooth blasting method for soft rock roadway

Abstract

The invention provides a smooth blasting method for a soft rock roadway, and belongs to the technical field of blasting of roadways. The smooth blasting method includes the steps of punching, charging and detonation. Compared with a traditional smooth blasting design for soft rock roadways, the smooth blasting method provided by the invention is characterized in that blast holes are formed in a circular and hexagonal composite shape; a layer of hollow cut holes are circularly formed in the outer side of a central cut hole; a second layer of caving holes are formed in a hexagonal shape in the contour of peripheral holes; the second layer of caving holes are detonated earlier than the peripheral holes to provide a compensation space for caving of the peripheral holes; a second layer of peripheral holes are formed in a staggered manner in the outer sides of the peripheral holes; and the second layer of peripheral holes are charged with explosives according to the follow two situations: only detonating cords are charged with the explosives or the detonating cords are charged with the explosives and the bottoms are charged with a roll of explosive cartridge. By effectively weakening the interaction between rocks during segmented blasting, the smooth blasting method provided by the invention increases the thickness of a smooth blasting layer and the utilization rate of the blast holes, guaranteeing the formation quality of the soft rock roadway under the condition that the explosive amount is saved, and provides a good reference for blasting and tunneling work of a soft rock roadway mine.

Description

Technical field[0001]The present invention relates to the field of roadway blasting technology, in particular to a light surface blasting method of a soft rock roadway.Background technique[0002]The roadway is a passage of mining, transportation, ventilation, drainage, power supply, etc. when the road is mining. The roadway is shaped in shape of the arcuate, trapezoid or rectangle. The soft rock index is low, the porosity is large, the degree of adhesive is significant, and the cutting and weathering of the structure is significant, or contain a large amount of plenty of expansion minerals, soft, weak rock layers. The roadway excavated in the soft rock is called a soft rock roadway. Soft Rock Lane has a large variant, high pressure, and difficult to support.[0003]The current roadway explosion and explosion, the light blasting technology is used, and the surface blasting is based on the damage effect of control blasting. The air cylindrical spacer is not coupling the dressing medicine...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are still some problems in the application of the current smooth surface blasting method in soft rock roadways: 1) For rocks and polar rocks, although the avalanche hole creates a free surface for them, there may still be uneven thickness of the smooth blasting layer, which affects Light blasting effect; 2) The rock is too soft, and the amount of charge in the traditional charging method is too large, resulting in poor light blasting effect and serious over-excavation phenomenon in the surrounding rock of the roadway; 3) Although the secondary molding can improve the roadway formation, it greatly reduces labor productivity and construction progress

4) The consumption of explosives is large, the utilization efficiency is low, and the economic benefits need to be improved

In summary, although the smooth blasting technology has been widely used in the field of roadway and tunnel excavation, there are still problems such as the control of the thickness of the smooth blasting layer and the control of the amount of charge in the hole in soft rock roadway blasting.

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