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Cathode material and preparation method, and plasma torch cathode and preparation method

A plasma torch and cathode material technology, applied in the direction of plasma, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of short cathode life and restrict the application of plasma torch, so as to improve the cathode life, reduce local excessive ablation, and stabilize the plasma arc Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-03-12
ENN SCI & TECH DEV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The cathodes currently used are pure zirconium, pure silver, and pure hafnium materials, and the life of the cathode is short, especially under the condition of water vapor medium, the life is only 30-50 hours, which seriously restricts the application of the plasma torch

Method used

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  • Cathode material and preparation method, and plasma torch cathode and preparation method
  • Cathode material and preparation method, and plasma torch cathode and preparation method
  • Cathode material and preparation method, and plasma torch cathode and preparation method

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preparation example Construction

[0045] The present invention provides a method for preparing a cathode material, which includes steps S01)-S04).

[0046] S01), respectively carrying out vacuum drying treatment to the raw hafnium powder and the rare earth oxide powder;

[0047] In this step, the raw hafnium powder and the rare earth oxide powder are firstly pretreated. Hafnium powder with preset purity and particle size, and rare earth oxide powder with preset purity are respectively placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying treatment. Rare earth oxide powders include La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , Ce 2 O 3 at least one of the three.

[0048] Wherein, the drying temperature of the hafnium powder is 70°C-120°C, and the drying time is 2-4 hours; the drying temperature of the rare earth oxide powder is 45°C-80°C, and the drying time is 1-4 hours.

[0049] S02), the raw material hafnium powder and the rare earth oxide powder are mixed according to the preset mass ratio by wet ball milling;

[0050]In this step, it...

Embodiment 1

[0088] The method for preparing the cathode material in this embodiment includes steps S01)-S04).

[0089] In this embodiment, a total of five groups are divided into five groups to carry out control experiments on the preparation method of cathode materials. As shown in Table 1 below, the mass ratio of raw material hafnium powder and rare earth oxide powder in each group is different, that is, the control group and the experimental group 1. The mass ratios of the experimental group 2, the experimental group 4, and the experimental group 5 were respectively weighed; and the composition of the rare earth oxide powder in each group was different. In order to ensure the credibility of the comparison results, except that the composition of the above-mentioned preparation raw materials and rare earth oxides are different in each group, the preparation process and conditions in each group are guaranteed to be the same. The above five groups of preparation experiments are described i...

Embodiment 2

[0160] This embodiment corresponds to the design of Embodiment 2 of the cathode material preparation method, and the preparation method of the plasma torch cathode includes the following steps 1 to 2.

[0161] Step 1: using the cathode material preparation method to prepare the cathode material;

[0162] In this step, the cathode material is prepared by the preparation method in Example 2 of the above cathode material preparation method.

[0163] Step 2: Processing the prepared cathode material into wires and rods;

[0164] In this step, the bulk cathode material obtained by sintering is cut and processed into wires or rods required by the cathode head for use in subsequent steps.

[0165] Step 3: Connect the wire or rod to the base to form the plasma torch cathode.

[0166] In this step, the wire or rod prepared in step 2 is connected to a conductive base, such as a copper base, through inlaying or welding to make a plasma torch cathode that can be used directly.

[0167] ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a cathode material which comprises raw materials of hafnium and rare earth oxide. The mass of the rare earth oxide is smaller than 35% of the total mass of the raw materials of hafnium and rare earth oxide. The cathode material is a rare earth oxide composite hafnium cathode and can be used for manufacturing cathodes of electronic components, such as cathodes of plasma torches and cathodes of magnetrons. Because the electron work function of the rare earth oxide is low, when the rare earth oxide is uniformly distributed in the hafnium matrix material, atoms in the rareearth oxide diffuse and migrate to the surface of the cathode material in the operation process of the plasma torch cathode made of the cathode material, so that electrons are easier to emit. And meanwhile, under the dual action of an electric field and heat, the effect of stabilizing the plasma arc is achieved, local over-fast ablation of the cathode material is reduced, and the service life ofthe cathode is prolonged. The invention further discloses a cathode material preparation method, a plasma torch cathode and a preparation method.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cathode materials and plasma torch cathodes, and more specifically, to a cathode material and a preparation method, a plasma torch cathode and a preparation method. Background technique [0002] Plasma torch, also known as plasma generator, is widely used in plasma cutting, plasma welding, hazardous waste treatment, ignition of thermal power plants and other fields. Plasma torch is mainly composed of three parts: anode, cathode and cooling system. Among them, the cathode material is made of high-conductivity metal or non-metal materials. The cathode is the core component of the plasma torch to generate a high current density electron source, and its quality is directly related to the operating performance and service life of the entire plasma torch. . [0003] The currently used cathodes are made of pure zirconium, pure silver, and pure hafnium. The life of the cathode is short, especially under the cond...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22C27/00C22C32/00C22C1/05B22F3/105B22F3/14H05H1/34
CPCC22C27/00C22C32/0031C22C1/05B22F3/105B22F3/14H05H1/34B22F2003/1051
Inventor 齐会龙聂革刘敏胜耿金峰何延如高志开曹聪帅姜恒房娟王志辛
Owner ENN SCI & TECH DEV
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