A kind of preparation method and application of synthetic organic ester type base oil

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a synthetic organic ester base oil. The reactants and auxiliary reagents are weighed to carry out esterification reaction. The reactants are polyhydric alcohols and fatty acids according to the molar ratio of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of 1:4- 5 mixed raw materials, the auxiliary reagents include the following raw materials in weight percentages: 5-15% water-carrying agent, 10-20% decolorizing agent, 0.1-2% catalyst, 0.1-2% antioxidant; The alcohol is pentaerythritol; the fatty acid is composed of one or more of n-valeric acid, n-caproic acid, n-heptanoic acid, n-octanoic acid, n-nonanoic acid, isooctanoic acid and isononanoic acid. The product prepared by the method of the invention is used as the base oil of the transformer insulating oil, not only can meet the performance requirements of the transformer insulating oil, but also has good biodegradability, and the preparation process has the characteristics of high production efficiency, low emission and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a preparation method and application of synthetic organic ester type base oil. Background technique [0002] At present, many cities in China have formulated plans for the construction and development of urban rail transit. By the end of 2020, more than 60 cities across the country will have more than 8,000 km of operating lines. Rail vehicles are fast, safe, punctual, energy-saving, environmentally friendly and comfortable. The first choice for travel, the continuous upgrading and innovation of high-speed rail vehicles has also put forward new requirements for traction transformer oil. Transformer oil is an important part of the safe and stable operation of the transformer. Its main functions in oil-immersed transformers are: transformer insulation; medium heat transfer; protection of transformer internal materials from moisture and oxygen erosion. [0003] Transformer insulating oil is usually made of deeply refined ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Natural ester: high ignition point, fully biodegradable, but natural ester insulating oil has poor oxidation stability and high freezing point at low temperature

[0007] Synthetic ester: It is prepared by using pentaerythritol and fatty acid synthetic polyester as base oil, which is completely biodegradable, has high flash point / fire point, good compatibility with other types of oil, and has excellent oxidation stability and low freezing point. , but the synthesis process of the base oil made by the existing method is complicated, the acid value, the dielectric loss are high, and the impurity content is high and cannot meet the requirements of insulating oil, such as the patent No. CN107501092A for a kind of continuous vacuum catalytic distillation to prepare pentaerythritol ester base oil The method adopts a vacuum catalytic rectification tower, uses pentaerythritol and fatty acid as raw materials, and solid acid as a catalyst. The esterification reaction is carried out at 230~280 ° C and -0.06~-0.09MPa vacuum conditions, and the vacuum catalytic distillation tower top After the excess fatty acid and generated water enter the flash tank to remove the water, adjust the reflux ratio, the fatty acid is refluxed to continue the esterification reaction, and the crude product in the tower kettle is filtered to obtain high-quality pentaerythritol ester lubricating oil

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