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Composite negative electrode material, negative electrode, lithium ion battery and preparation method

A negative electrode material and negative electrode technology, applied in the field of electrochemical materials, can solve the problems of poor initial charge-discharge capacity and cycle performance, and achieve the effects of reducing local current density, improving deposition uniformity, and improving lithophilicity

Active Publication Date: 2020-11-17
HEBEI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Aiming at the problem of poor initial charge-discharge capacity and cycle performance of negative electrode materials in existing lithium-ion batteries, the invention provides a composite negative electrode material, negative electrode, lithium-ion battery and a preparation method

Method used

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  • Composite negative electrode material, negative electrode, lithium ion battery and preparation method
  • Composite negative electrode material, negative electrode, lithium ion battery and preparation method
  • Composite negative electrode material, negative electrode, lithium ion battery and preparation method

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0029] A preparation method of composite negative electrode material:

[0030] Step 1. Cut the commercial melamine foam resin into a shape of 5cm×5cm×3cm, put it into a tube furnace, and carbonize it at 1200°C for 2h under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, wash it with absolute ethanol after cooling, and dry it at 60°C , and then cut to obtain a foamed carbon matrix of 5cm×5cm×0.1cm;

[0031] Step 2: Put the metal lithium foil into the crucible, heat to 250°C to completely melt the metal lithium foil to obtain molten lithium; immerse the foamed carbon matrix in the molten lithium for 2 minutes, take it out and let it cool naturally to obtain the composite Negative material.

[0032] figure 1 Be the SEM figure of described melamine foam resin, figure 2 It is the SEM picture of carbonized foamed carbon matrix. It can be seen from the figure that the prepared foamed carbon matrix has a high open porosity, the open porosity can reach 99%, and the distribution of pores is ...

Embodiment 2

[0039] A preparation method of composite negative electrode material:

[0040] Step 1. Cut the commercial melamine foam resin into a shape of 5cm×5cm×3cm, put it into a tube furnace, and carbonize it at 1000°C for 4h under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, wash it with absolute ethanol after cooling, and dry it at 60°C , and then cut to obtain a foamed carbon matrix of 5cm×5cm×0.1cm;

[0041] Step 2: Put the metal lithium foil into the crucible, heat to 180°C to completely melt the metal lithium foil to obtain molten lithium; immerse the foamed carbon matrix in the molten lithium for 4 minutes, take it out and let it cool naturally to obtain the composite Negative material.

Embodiment 3

[0043] A preparation method of composite negative electrode material:

[0044] Step 1. Cut the commercial melamine foam resin into a shape of 5cm×5cm×3cm, put it into a tube furnace, and carbonize it at 1300°C for 3h under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, wash it with absolute ethanol after cooling, and dry it at 60°C , and then cut to obtain a foamed carbon matrix of 5cm×5cm×0.1cm;

[0045] Step 2: Put the metal lithium foil into the crucible, heat to 500°C to completely melt the metal lithium foil to obtain molten lithium; immerse the foamed carbon matrix in the molten lithium for 6 minutes, take it out and let it cool naturally to obtain the composite Negative material.

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Abstract

The invention particularly discloses a composite negative electrode material, a negative electrode, a lithium ion battery and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carbonizing foam resin of melamine or derivatives thereof to obtain a matrix, and dipping the matrix into molten lithium to obtain the composite negative electrode material. The nitrogen-containingfunctional groups are uniformly distributed in the foam carbon matrix provided by the invention, so that the foam carbon matrix has relatively strong binding energy to lithium, lithium ion flow can behomogenized in a lithium ion deposition process, uniform deposition of metal lithium is facilitated, and formation of nucleation sites for lithium dendritic crystal growth is avoided; meanwhile, thefoam carbon matrix of the three-dimensional network structure further has a high specific surface area, the local current density can be reduced, the deposition uniformity of metal lithium in the matrix is further improved, the hollow structure of the foam carbon matrix serves as an ion transmission channel, carriers are provided in the lithium deposition process, and aggregation of lithium ions / electrons is dispersed. The continuous growth of the lithium dendrites is favorably relieved, so that the effects of inhibiting the lithium dendrites and buffering the volume expansion are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical materials, in particular to a composite negative electrode material, a negative electrode, a lithium ion battery and a preparation method. Background technique [0002] Compared with the current commercial graphite anode, lithium metal has extremely high capacity (3860mA / g) and low potential (-3.040V vs. standard hydrogen electrode). Therefore, metal lithium anode is considered as the key anode material for next-generation high energy density. Batteries constructed with metallic lithium as the negative electrode can greatly increase the cruising range of new energy vehicles. [0003] Then, lithium batteries are very easy to form lithium metal dendrites and cause changes in battery volume during charging and discharging. Existing studies have found that when lithium metal foil is used as the negative electrode of lithium batteries, as the number of cycles increases, lithium dendrites grad...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/382H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525H01M2004/027Y02E60/10
Inventor 王秋君张迪王波李文李昭进孙会兰
Owner HEBEI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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