Method for Improving Decomposition Efficiency of Rare Earth Minerals and Sulfuric Acid

A technology for minerals and rare earths, applied in the field of improving the decomposition efficiency of rare earth minerals and sulfuric acid, can solve the problems of no good treatment method, cumbersome treatment process, large consumption of sulfuric acid, etc. The effect of consumption

Active Publication Date: 2022-02-15
BAOTOU RES INST OF RARE EARTHS +1
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The two-stage roasting method is still designed from the perspective of tail gas treatment, the consumption of sulfuric acid is large, and the subsequent treatment process is cumbersome
[0004] Patent name "A method for roasting and decomposing high-grade mixed rare earth concentrate with iron and low-temperature concentrated sulfuric acid" (application number: 201910424015.3). This method is still based on the principle of low-temperature roasting, so that thorium and phosphorus enter the solution, and the iron thorium slag is obtained through neutralization, but the water leaching slag is still radioactive, and the thorium content in the iron thorium slag is too high, so there is no better treatment method at present. And it is easy to cause the loss of rare earth during the neutralization process, which affects the yield of rare earth
[0005] None of the above patent documents refers to any means to improve the reaction efficiency of sulfuric acid decomposition of minerals in the low-temperature roasting process (150-250°C), thereby effectively reducing the consumption of sulfuric acid

Method used

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  • Method for Improving Decomposition Efficiency of Rare Earth Minerals and Sulfuric Acid

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0025] Mix the mixed rare earth concentrate (REO: 54.22%, P: 8.94%, TFe: 4.97%) and concentrated sulfuric acid according to the weight ratio of 1:1.2, add iron powder, make the total amount of iron and phosphorus in the mineral The molar ratio is 1.2:1, and the low-temperature roasting decomposition is carried out at 200°C. After the concentrate mixed with sulfuric acid is roasted into solid particles, 7% of the mineral weight is added with water to maintain the concentrate in a paste state, and the low-temperature roasting After the end of 90 minutes, directly enter high-temperature calcination, the calcination temperature is 550°C, and the time is 20 minutes. After the calcination, the REO decomposition rate is 98.7%, and the thorium leaching rate is 97.5%.

Embodiment 2

[0027] Add bastnaesite (REO: 65.52%, P: 0.16%, TFe: 2.2%) to a part of apatite, and then mix it with concentrated sulfuric acid at a weight ratio of 1:0.9, and add iron powder to make the total amount of iron The molar ratio of the amount of phosphorus to the phosphorus in the mineral is 1.4:1, and it is roasted and decomposed at 150°C at a low temperature. Paste state, after low-temperature calcination for 100 minutes, directly enter high-temperature calcination at 400°C for 40 minutes. After calcination, the decomposition rate of REO is 98.2%, and the leaching rate of thorium is 96.3%.

Embodiment 3

[0029] Mix mixed rare earth concentrate (REO: 61.66%, P: 4.66%, TFe: 1.14%) and concentrated sulfuric acid at a weight ratio of 1:0.7, add iron powder, make the total amount of iron and phosphorus in the mineral The molar ratio is 1.3:1, and the low-temperature roasting decomposition is carried out at 180°C. After the concentrate mixed with sulfuric acid is roasted into solid particles, 1% of the mineral mass is added with water to maintain the concentrate in a paste state, and the low-temperature roasting After 120 minutes, it directly enters into high-temperature calcination, the calcination temperature is 450°C, and the time is 30 minutes. After the calcination, the REO decomposition rate is 98.3%, and the thorium leaching rate is 96.8%.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving the decomposition efficiency of rare earth minerals and sulfuric acid, belonging to the field of hydrometallurgy. Including mixing rare earth concentrate with concentrated sulfuric acid and iron powder for segmental roasting, adding a certain amount of water to the solidified minerals during the low-temperature roasting process, optimizing the solid-liquid-gas reaction system, and improving the diffusion of sulfuric acid in the reaction process Speed, reduce sulfuric acid consumption, increase rare earth decomposition rate. During the high-temperature roasting process, the high-efficiency decomposition of excess sulfuric acid and the formation of iron phosphate and thorium pyrophosphate mainly fix radioactivity and phosphorus resources into the slag. The two-stage roasting simplifies the components of the tail gas, which facilitates the subsequent tail gas treatment, reduces the cost of tail gas treatment, and reduces environmental pollution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydrometallurgy, and in particular relates to a method for improving the decomposition efficiency of rare earth minerals and sulfuric acid. Background technique [0002] Ore-type rare earth minerals are mainly bastnaesite, monazite and mixed rare earth ores. Due to differences in mineral composition, smelting techniques are also different. Bastnaesite mainly adopts oxidation roasting-hydrochloric acid leaching process, and minerals are decomposed into Rare earth fluoride and rare earth oxide are preferentially dissolved in hydrochloric acid for roasting ore, and the concentration and addition process of hydrochloric acid are controlled to realize the extraction of trivalent rare earth and preliminary separation from tetravalent cerium, leaving cerium fluoride, cerium dioxide and other components in the residue. This process can recover valuable rare earths at a simple and low cost, but the fluorine resources are no...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B1/06C22B3/08C22B59/00
CPCC22B1/06C22B3/08C22B59/00Y02P10/20
Inventor 崔建国徐萌侯睿恩王哲陈禹夫高婷蔚腊先李雪菲郭金铖
Owner BAOTOU RES INST OF RARE EARTHS
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