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Composite lithium metal negative electrode based on MXene nanoribbon and general synthesis method of composite lithium metal negative electrode

A technology of metal anode and synthesis method, applied in battery electrodes, electrode manufacturing, lithium batteries, etc., can solve the problems of irreversible loss of battery capacity, battery short-circuit failure, uneven current density, etc., so as to reduce local current density and avoid lithium dendrites. The formation of , the effect of inhibiting volume expansion

Active Publication Date: 2020-06-16
DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, lithium metal anodes face many challenges in practical applications.
During the battery cycle, due to the uneven local current density, metal lithium is deposited unevenly to form lithium dendrites. The growth of lithium dendrites will pierce the separator, causing short-circuit failure of the battery, and even explosion.
In addition, if lithium dendrites fracture, electrochemically inert "dead lithium" will be formed, resulting in irreversible loss of battery capacity
Therefore, the formation of lithium dendrites is the biggest obstacle to the practical application of lithium metal anodes.

Method used

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  • Composite lithium metal negative electrode based on MXene nanoribbon and general synthesis method of composite lithium metal negative electrode
  • Composite lithium metal negative electrode based on MXene nanoribbon and general synthesis method of composite lithium metal negative electrode
  • Composite lithium metal negative electrode based on MXene nanoribbon and general synthesis method of composite lithium metal negative electrode

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0035] (1) Disperse MXene in N,N-dimethylformamide under normal temperature and pressure conditions to prepare a dispersion, the concentration of the dispersion is 10 mg mL -1 .

[0036] (2) Dissolve polyacrylonitrile in the MXene dispersion prepared in step (1) at 50°C and mix evenly, wherein the concentration of polyacrylonitrile in the mixed solution is 100 mg mL -1 .

[0037] (3) Dissolve the swelling agent in N,N-dimethylformamide at 60°C to form a homogeneous solution, the concentration of the swelling agent solution is 200mg mL -1 . The swelling agent is one or more mixtures of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0038] (4) Put the mixed solution described in step (2) into syringe A, put the solution in step (3) into syringe B, and use an electrospinning machine to carry out coaxial electrospinning, and the mixed solution described in step (2) For the outer layer solution, the advancing speed is 1.0ml h -1 , the solution described in step (3) is the inner l...

Embodiment 2

[0043] (1) Disperse MXene in N,N-dimethylformamide under normal temperature and pressure conditions to prepare a dispersion, the concentration of the dispersion is 50 mg mL -1 .

[0044] (2) Dissolve polyacrylonitrile in the MXene dispersion prepared in step 1) at 55°C and mix evenly, wherein the concentration of polyacrylonitrile in the mixed solution is 110 mg mL -1 .

[0045] (3) Dissolve the swelling agent in N,N-dimethylformamide at 70°C to form a homogeneous solution, and the concentration of the swelling agent solution is 220mg mL -1 . The swelling agent is one or more mixtures of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0046] (4) Put the mixed solution described in step (2) into syringe A, put the solution in step (3) into syringe B, and use an electrospinning machine to carry out coaxial electrospinning, and the mixed solution described in step (2) For the outer layer solution, the advancing speed is 1.2ml h -1 , the solution described in step (3) is the in...

Embodiment 3

[0051] (1) Disperse MXene in N,N-dimethylformamide under normal temperature and pressure conditions to prepare a dispersion, the concentration of the dispersion is 80mg mL -1 .

[0052] (2) Dissolve polyacrylonitrile in the MXene dispersion prepared in step 1) at 60°C and mix evenly, wherein the concentration of polyacrylonitrile in the mixed solution is 120 mg mL -1 .

[0053] (3) Dissolve the swelling agent in N,N-dimethylformamide at 75°C to form a homogeneous solution, the concentration of the swelling agent solution is 250mg mL -1 . The swelling agent is one or more mixtures of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0054] (4) Put the mixed solution described in step (2) into syringe A, put the solution in step (3) into syringe B, and use an electrospinning machine to carry out coaxial electrospinning, and the mixed solution described in step (2) For the outer layer solution, the advancing speed is 1.2ml h -1 , the solution described in step (3) is the inner l...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a composite lithium metal negative electrode based on an MXene nanoribbon and a general synthesis method of the composite lithium metal negative electrode, and belongs to the field of lithium batteries. The MXene nanoribbon is formed by overlapping two-dimensional MXene nanosheets in a staggered manner along the axial direction. The preparation method comprises the steps ofpreparing MXene / polymer composite fibers with a core-shell structure by utilizing an electrostatic spinning machine, selectively removing the high-molecular polymer of the core by utilizing the difference of the solubility of different polymers and adopting a water solvent, and expanding the shell layer at the same time to obtain an MXene nanoribbon structure with controllable structure and size;and depositing lithium metal into pores or cavities of a three-dimensional current collector formed by the MXene nanoribbon through an electro-deposition method to obtain the composite lithium metalnegative electrode. The MXene nanoribbon structure prepared by the invention can effectively reduce the local current density of the electrode and inhibit the volume expansion of metal lithium. Meanwhile, rich lithium-philic functional groups on the surface of MXene can be specifically combined with lithium ions, uniform nucleation of lithium is achieved, generation of lithium dendrites is inhibited, the safety of the lithium metal battery is improved, and the basic problem puzzling large-scale production of the lithium metal battery is solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of lithium batteries, and relates to a composite lithium metal negative electrode based on MXene nanobelts and a general synthesis method thereof. Background technique [0002] Traditional lithium-ion batteries are widely used in smartphones, laptops, and electric vehicles, but limited by their limited energy density, their development can no longer meet the current demand for high-energy-density energy storage systems. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop new and efficient energy storage systems. [0003] Lithium metal battery is an emerging secondary battery, metal lithium has a capacity of up to 3860mAh g -1 Theoretical specific capacity, low chemical potential of -3.04V. Matching metal lithium negative electrodes with high-capacity positive electrode materials such as sulfur and oxygen can form lithium-sulfur batteries and lithium-air batteries with extremely high energy densities. However, Li met...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/66H01M10/052H01M4/04
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M10/052H01M4/66H01M4/663H01M4/0438H01M4/045Y02E60/10
Inventor 王治宇邱介山孟祥玉刘钰昭
Owner DALIAN UNIV OF TECH
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