Separation and purification method for lithium ion battery positive electrode material and obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode material

A technology for lithium ion batteries and cathode materials, which is applied in the field of waste lithium ion battery recycling and resource recycling, can solve problems such as flammability, changing particle size, and destroying surface structure, and achieves less temperature treatment steps, mild treatment temperature, and recycling. Simple process effect

Pending Publication Date: 2020-02-18
武汉瑞杰特材料有限责任公司
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Problems solved by technology

Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption, serious secondary waste, large input of toxic and corrosive acid and alkali, and lengthy process in traditional hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, the scientific community has proposed a method of directly separating and recovering positive electrode powder and removing it. complicated method
[0004] The main recovery and separation methods include solvent immersion method (including two ideas of dissolving binder and dissolving aluminum foil), high temperature heat treatment method and crushing method. Their respective advantages and disadvantages are as follows: 1. The method of dissolving binder has good separation effect, but 1) The organic solvent is expensive and flammable; 2) The drying energy consumption is high
2. The method of dissolving aluminum foil completely removes aluminum, but 1) acid-base reagents are expensive, highly corrosive, poor in safety, and require high equipment; 2) produce dangerous gases such as hydrogen; 3) destroy the positive electrode powder structure
3. The traditional one-step high-temperature heat treatment method has strong operability and no waste liquid, but 1) the temperature is ≮600°C, and the energy consumption is high; 2) the high temperature destroys the crystal form; 3) impurities such as LiF are generated and the surface morphology is destroyed
Material is not suitable for lithium supplementation rebirth
4. The crushing method is simple, but 1) the introduction of impurities containing Al; 2) excessive crushing of the positive electrode powder, changing the particle size; 3) the yield is lower than 30%, and the economic benefit is poor
The existing impurity removal methods mostly use the above-mentioned high-temperature sintering method and flotation / magnetic separation method. The former consumes a lot of energy and destroys the surface structure, while the latter requires the introduction of suitable solvents, causing serious secondary pollution

Method used

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  • Separation and purification method for lithium ion battery positive electrode material and obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode material
  • Separation and purification method for lithium ion battery positive electrode material and obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode material
  • Separation and purification method for lithium ion battery positive electrode material and obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode material

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0060] 1) Cut the 532 secondary ball waste pole piece dismantled from the decommissioned battery into 4cm 2 The size of the bowl is 1kg / bowl (330*330*65mm).

[0061] 2) at 5m 3 Under the air atmosphere of / h, the PVDF was pyrolyzed at a constant temperature of 450°C / 2h at a heating rate of 5°C / min. Each furnace sinters 4 pot materials, placed in double layers and double rows.

[0062] 3) Use 50-mesh and 300-mesh sieves to vibrate the sintered pole piece for depowdering. After shaking for 7 minutes, the depowdering efficiency is 98%. The aluminum foil is mainly concentrated above 50 mesh, the powder is mainly concentrated below 300 mesh, and there is almost no 300 mesh sieve.

[0063] 4) Remove impurities from the powder below 300 mesh with a wind separation pressure of 1 MPa to obtain the separation and purification material 1.

[0064] Separation and purification material 1 is tested, and the results are as follows:

[0065] Such as figure 1 As shown, the SEM image show...

Embodiment 2

[0071] 1) Cut the waste electrode pieces of LCO and NCM111 blended materials disassembled from decommissioned batteries into 4cm 2 The size of the bowl is 1kg / bowl (330*330*65mm).

[0072] 2) at 5m 3 Under the air atmosphere of / h, the PVDF was pyrolyzed at a constant temperature of 490°C / 2h at a heating rate of 5°C / min. Each furnace sinters 4 pot materials, placed in double layers and double rows.

[0073] 3) Use 50-mesh and 300-mesh screens to vibrate the sintered pole piece for depowdering. After shaking for 5 minutes, if the depowdering efficiency is greater than >95%, it is considered to be completely depowdered, and the vibration is stopped. The aluminum foil is mainly concentrated above 50 mesh, the powder is mainly concentrated below 300 mesh, and there is almost no 300 mesh sieve.

[0074] 4) Remove impurities from the powder below 300 mesh with 1MPa air separation pressure to obtain the separation and purification material 2.

[0075] Purified material 2 is teste...

Embodiment 3

[0081] 1) Cut the 532 secondary ball scraps to 10cm 2 The size of the bowl is 1kg / bowl (330*330*65mm).

[0082] 2) at 5m 3 Under the air atmosphere of / h, the PVDF was pyrolyzed at a constant temperature of 450°C / 1h at a heating rate of 5°C / min. Each furnace sinters 4 pot materials, placed in double layers and double rows.

[0083] 3) Use 50-mesh and 300-mesh screens to vibrate the sintered pole piece for depowdering. After shaking for 10 minutes, if the depowdering efficiency is greater than >95%, it is considered to be completely depowdered, and the vibration is stopped. The aluminum foil is mainly concentrated above 50 mesh, the powder is mainly concentrated below 300 mesh, and there is almost no 300 mesh sieve.

[0084] 4) Remove impurities from the powder below 300 mesh with 1 MPa air separation pressure to obtain the separated and purified material 3 .

[0085] 5) Since the raw material is leftover material, the material does not have defects such as lithium deficien...

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste lithium ion battery recovery and resource cyclic utilization, and particularly relates to a separation and purification method for a lithium ion battery positive electrode material and the obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode material. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) heating crushed materials of a lithium battery positive electrode recycled material at a low temperature until an adhesive is invalid to obtain a mixture with a current collector and a to-be-purified lithium battery positive electrode material separated, 2) performing vibration screening on the mixture with the current collector and the to-be-purified lithium battery positive electrode material separated to obtain the to-be-purified lithium battery positive electrode material from which the current collector is separated, and 3) winnowing the to-be-purified lithium battery positive electrode material from which the current collector is separated to obtain the lithium battery positive electrode separation and purification material. Full-dry purification of the lithium ion battery positive electrode material is realized, and the lithium battery positive electrode purification material obtained by purification is high in purity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of waste lithium ion battery recycling and resource recycling, and in particular relates to a method for separating and purifying positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries and the obtained lithium ion battery positive electrode materials. Background technique [0002] Due to the advantages of high specific capacity, high voltage and long cycle, lithium-ion batteries have developed rapidly in the fields of 3C, power and energy storage, and their output has increased year by year. However, the service life of lithium-ion batteries is about 5-10 years. The rapid development of lithium-ion battery industry will inevitably bring a huge amount of waste batteries. It is estimated that in 2020, there will be 500,000 tons of decommissioned batteries. According to estimates, the value created by extracting metals such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, lithium, iron and aluminum from waste power batteries will...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54H01M4/505H01M4/525H01M10/0525
CPCH01M4/505H01M4/525H01M10/0525H01M10/54H01M2004/028Y02E60/10Y02W30/84
Inventor 不公告发明人
Owner 武汉瑞杰特材料有限责任公司
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