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Method and device for fuel cell subzero starting

A fuel cell and starting device technology, applied in fuel cells, power system fuel cells, circuits, etc., can solve the problems of complex devices, high cost, freezing of produced water, and large energy consumption, and achieve low cost, high heat production efficiency, Effects over a wide temperature range

Inactive Publication Date: 2019-04-05
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for starting a fuel cell below zero in order to overcome the deficiencies such as self-generated heat that produces water and freezes, complex devices, high cost, and large energy consumption during the start-up process of the fuel cell.

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  • Method and device for fuel cell subzero starting
  • Method and device for fuel cell subzero starting
  • Method and device for fuel cell subzero starting

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0041] One embodiment of the present invention is the sub-zero start-up process of a proton exchange membrane battery unit cell for a vehicle, and the described fuel cell start-up method includes the following steps:

[0042] 1) Provide a hydrogen-containing atmosphere: at -30°C, feed high-purity hydrogen (concentration close to 100%) on both sides of the fuel cell for about 5 minutes, with a flow rate of 0.05 L / min.

[0043] 2) Apply alternating voltage control: Under the hydrogen-containing atmosphere provided in step 1), apply an alternating voltage square wave signal to the single fuel cell (in addition, other waveforms that can make full use of energy can also be selected, such as sine wave, triangular wave or any one or more of stepped waves), the absolute value of the voltage amplitude is 1.0V, and the frequency is 2.5Hz. The use of alternating voltage (or alternating current) can avoid the phenomenon of film drying. While applying alternating voltage, in order to impro...

Embodiment 2

[0052] One embodiment of the present invention is the sub-zero starting process of the proton exchange membrane battery single battery for vehicles, and the difference from embodiment 1 is:

[0053] The sub-zero start-up environment provided before step 1) includes: the active area is 4cm 2 The temperature of the single fuel cell is raised to 80°C, and nitrogen with a relative humidity of 58% is used for wet blowing, and the internal resistance of the fuel cell is adjusted to 0.35Ωcm 2 about;

[0054] In step 2), the absolute value of the voltage amplitude of the alternating voltage square wave signal applied to the single fuel cell is 1.4V, and the frequency is 0.1Hz.

[0055] The rest are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0056] Record the temperature rise process of the fuel cell in this embodiment, the time to rise from minus 30°C to zero°C is about 460s. The whole cold start process is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the black solid line is the...

Embodiment 3

[0058] One embodiment of the present invention is the sub-zero start-up process of a proton exchange membrane battery unit cell for a vehicle, and the described fuel cell start-up method includes the following steps:

[0059] 1) Provide a hydrogen-containing atmosphere: at -30°C, feed high-purity hydrogen (concentration close to 100%) on both sides of the fuel cell for about 5 minutes, with a flow rate of 0.05 L / min.

[0060] 2) Applying alternating voltage control: In the hydrogen-containing atmosphere provided in step 1), apply a direct current voltage to the single fuel cell, and the absolute value of the voltage amplitude is 1.0V (compared with alternating voltage, applying direct current voltage can also Realize the object of the present invention, but the required time is slightly longer). While applying DC voltage, in order to improve heat production efficiency and save hydrogen consumption, the way of feeding hydrogen to one side of the fuel cell is adopted, and the hy...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for starting a fuel cell subzero starting, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells. The method comprises the following steps: intermittently or continuously providing a hydrogen-containing atmosphere for the fuel cell when the fuel cell is started below zero, and then applying current or voltage control to the fuel cell to heat the cell so as to quickly increase the temperature of the cell. The device comprises a fuel cell, a hydrogen supply device and a current generating device, an air outlet of the hydrogen supply device is simultaneously communicated with a hydrogen electrode and an air electrode of the fuel cell, or the air outlet of the hydrogen supply device is communicated with any one of the hydrogen electrode and the air electrode of the fuel cell, and the hydrogen electrode and the air electrode of the fuel cell are communicated through a pipeline. The invention aims to solve the problems that the fuel cell is large in energy consumption for subzero starting, water icing is generated, the performance of the cell is reduced, and the service life of the cell is prolonged, and is particularly suitable for subzero starting of fuel cell commercial vehicles.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a method and device for starting a fuel cell below zero. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells can convert the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant into electrical energy, and its energy conversion efficiency is not limited by the theoretical efficiency of the Carnot heat engine cycle. It has the advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, quietness, and high reliability, and has broad development prospects in many fields. . Among them, proton exchange membrane fuel cells have high power density, fast start-up, and fast response to load changes, which have become an important development direction of energy in the field of transportation. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells as vehicle power must withstand the test of complex working conditions and harsh environments such as high potential, high current, frequency variable load, sub-zero start-up, and air impu...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M8/04223H01M8/04225
CPCH01M8/04225H01M8/04253H01M8/04268Y02E60/50H01M8/04649H01M8/0491H01M8/0488H01M8/04952H01M8/04231H01M2008/1095H01M8/04365H01M2250/20
Inventor 张剑波司德春温君宁小野圭
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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