Core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof

A technology of core-shell structure and thermite, applied in the direction of explosives, etc., can solve the problems of low batch output, complex process equipment, long production cycle, etc., and achieve the effect of short production cycle, simple process and reduced activation energy

Active Publication Date: 2019-02-22
CHONGQING UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Thermite prepared by this method has controllable shell thickness, full contact between oxidant and aluminum powder, and fast burning rate, but this method has the defects of complicated process equipment, long production cycle and low batch yield

Method used

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  • Core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof
  • Core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof
  • Core-shell structure thermite and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] Weigh 0.05g of silicon powder (100nm in diameter), place it in 100ml of isopropanol containing 0.05g of poly-4-vinylpyridine (P4VP) and sonicate for 4 hours, centrifuge, and wash away uncoated P4VP with isopropanol , after drying at 80°C for 12 hours, grind it for later use; place the obtained silicon powder coated with P4VP in 5ml of isopropanol, add 0.284g CuO, and ultrasonicate for 2 hours; dry it in vacuum at 80°C for 2 hours, grind and pulverize to obtain Silicon is the core, and CuO is the shell of the core-shell structure thermite. The DSC curves of the Si@CuO thermite and common Si / CuO thermite are shown in Figure 4 ,Depend on Figure 4 The obtained thermite had an initial ignition temperature of 658.6° C. and a calorific value per unit mass of 1061.4 J / g.

Embodiment 2

[0024] Weigh 0.05g of silicon powder (100nm in diameter), place it in 100ml of isopropanol containing 0.05g of poly-4-vinylpyridine (P4VP) and sonicate for 4 hours, centrifuge, and wash away uncoated P4VP with isopropanol , after drying at 80°C for 12 hours, grind it for later use; place the obtained silicon powder coated with P4VP in 5ml isopropanol, add 0.19g Fe 2 o 3 , sonicated for 2 hours; vacuum dried at 80°C for 2 hours, ground and pulverized to obtain silicon as the core, Fe 2 o 3 Si@Fe as the shell 2 o 3 Thermite with core-shell structure, the initial ignition temperature of the thermite is 670.9°C, and the heat per unit mass is 990.8J / g.

[0025] The obtained Si@MOx nanoscale core-shell structure thermite was characterized, and the results are shown in Figure 1-4 . figure 1 It is the XRD of the Si@CuO nanoscale core-shell structure thermite in Example 1. It can be seen from the figure that the characteristic diffraction peaks of Si and CuO appear. figure 2 I...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a core-shell structure thermite and a preparation method thereof. The method includes the steps: dissolving poly- 4-vinylpyridine (P4VP) in isopropyl alcohol to form mixed liquid, placing nano-silicon powder into the mixed liquid to ultrasonically treat mixture, centrifugally separating the mixture, washing separated substances by isopropyl alcohol to remove the P4VP without being coated, and drying the separated substances to obtain silicon powder coated by the P4VP; placing the silicon powder into the isopropyl alcohol, adding metal oxide micro-powder with stoichiometric ratio, and ultrasonically treating mixture to form slurry; performing vacuum drying on the acquired slurry, and grinding and crushing the dried slurry to obtain the Si@MOx nano-scale core-shell structure thermite which takes nano-silicon powder as a core and a metal oxide as a shell. According to a core-shell structure, the mass transfer distance between the silicon powder and the metal oxideis shortened, reaction activation energy is reduced, and the external work doing capability of the compound thermite is improved. The preparation method is simple and easy, the prepared core-shell structure thermite has the advantages of good combustion performance, high heat release, accurate and adjustable shell layer thickness and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of nano energy-containing composite materials, and in particular relates to a core-shell structure thermite and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Thermite is a kind of combustion agent (Al, Mg, B, Si, etc.) and oxidizer (Fe 2 o 3 , Fe 3 o 4 , CuO, NiO, MoO 3 、 Bi 2 o 3 etc.), a large amount of heat is released during the reaction, and a high temperature above 3000K, the characteristics of high energy density and high heat release efficiency of thermite make it widely used in the fields of weapons and ammunition, aerospace, machinery industry, etc. Applications. However, the heat release performance of the thermite is affected by the mass transfer distance between the components, so that the existing thermite has the defects of high ignition temperature, low combustion rate, and poor heat release performance, which limits the application of the thermite. Theref...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C06B33/00
CPCC06B33/00
Inventor 黎学明罗晓玉王琪辉马侑才倪子惠邢波王雅丽牟奕轩谢玉婷李安琪徐鹏
Owner CHONGQING UNIV
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