Bionic adaptive pressure equalization active vibration reduction pdc drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic adaptive pressure-equalizing active vibration-damping PDC drill bit. A new type of active vibration-damping drill bit is designed using bionic technology. During the working process, the PDC blade automatically moves up and down according to changes in the hardness of the rock formation, pushing the hydraulic piston rod to move and compress. The gas in the high-pressure air chamber absorbs the vibration energy of the PDC blade and compresses it to dissipate heat. The hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder absorbs the vibration energy of the PDC blade through damping and conducts it out in the form of heat to achieve the purpose of drilling. For the purpose of vibration reduction, the hydraulic cylinders are connected to each other to ensure that the cutting force of the PDC blade is equal, to avoid the occurrence of regenerative cutting effects, and to reduce the possibility of vibration.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a bionic self-adaptive pressure equalization active vibration reduction PDC drill bit. Background technique [0002] The drilling process is a regenerative cutting process, that is, the cutting thickness of each cutting of the drill bit will affect the cutting thickness of the next cycle. PDC bit is a kind of bit commonly used in drilling engineering. Due to the high rigidity of the bit and the fixed teeth, the regenerative cutting effect is enhanced, and the unbalanced cutting force on the bit is enhanced with the regenerative cutting effect. The vibration of the drill bit and drill string system will increase exponentially, causing severe damage to the drilling tool. [0003] In the prior art, solutions for vibration reduction of drill strings are mainly divided into passive vibration reduction for drill bits and improved vibration reduction for drill teeth. For the passive ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] For the vibration suppression device of the drill string system in the prior art, there are generally the following deficiencies: 1. Passive drill bit vibration suppression cannot fundamentally solve the regenerative cutting effect, and the drill bit always faces the problem of vibration amplitude expansion; 2. Passive drill bit vibration suppression cannot Adjusting the stiffness, damping and quality of the device will result in poor shock absorption, or even resonance, which will aggravate the vibration of the drill bit and the drill string system; 3. The improved vibration reduction of the drill bit teeth cannot eliminate the vibration of the drill bit, and the regenerative cutting effect caused by the vibration of the drill bit It will also be fed back to the drill bit, causing the vibration of the drill bit and the drill string system to intensify; 4. The improved vibration reduction of the drill bit teeth cannot adjust the stretching force of the drill bit teeth. The cutting teeth are self-adaptive cutting, and the cutting efficiency is greatly reduced

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