Bionic adaptive pressure equalization active vibration reduction pdc drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic self-adaptive pressure equalizing driving vibration reduction PDC drill bit. A novel driving vibration reduction drill bit is designed by using bionic technology. In the working process, a PDC blade moves up and down automatically according to the changing of hardness of a rock stratum, a hydraulic piston rod is pushed to move and gas in a high-pressure gas chamberis compressed, the gas in the high-pressure gas chamber absorbs the vibration energy of the PDC blade and compresses for heat dissipation, hydraulic oil in hydraulic cylinders absorbs the vibration energy of the PDC blade through the damping action and conducts the vibration energy of the PDC blade in a thermal mode, and the purpose of vibration reduction for the drill bit is achieved. The hydraulic cylinders are connected with each other, cutting force of the PDC blade is ensured to be equal, the occurrence of the regenerative cutting effect is avoided, and the possibility of vibration occurrence is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a bionic self-adaptive pressure equalization active vibration reduction PDC drill bit. Background technique [0002] The drilling process is a regenerative cutting process, that is, the cutting thickness of each cutting of the drill bit will affect the cutting thickness of the next cycle. PDC bit is a kind of bit commonly used in drilling engineering. Due to the high rigidity of the bit and the fixed teeth, the regenerative cutting effect is enhanced, and the unbalanced cutting force on the bit is enhanced with the regenerative cutting effect. The vibration of the drill bit and drill string system will increase exponentially, causing severe damage to the drilling tool. [0003] In the prior art, solutions for vibration reduction of drill strings are mainly divided into passive vibration reduction for drill bits and improved vibration reduction for drill teeth. For the passive ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] For the vibration suppression device of the drill string system in the prior art, there are generally the following deficiencies: 1. Passive drill bit vibration suppression cannot fundamentally solve the regenerative cutting effect, and the drill bit always faces the problem of vibration amplitude expansion; 2. Passive drill bit vibration suppression cannot Adjusting the stiffness, damping and quality of the device will result in poor shock absorption, or even resonance, which will aggravate the vibration of the drill bit and the drill string system; 3. The improved vibration reduction of the drill bit teeth cannot eliminate the vibration of the drill bit, and the regenerative cutting effect caused by the vibration of the drill bit It will also be fed back to the drill bit, causing the vibration of the drill bit and the drill string system to intensify; 4. The improved vibration reduction of the drill bit teeth cannot adjust the stretching force of the drill bit teeth. The cutting teeth are self-adaptive cutting, and the cutting efficiency is greatly reduced

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