Preparation method of hydrophobic strongly acidic carbon material

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a hydrophobic strongly acidic carbon material, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials. The method comprises the following steps: (1)enabling a porous carbon material and an sulfamic acid compound to be subjected to diazotization in an acidic solvent in the presence of an oxidant, grafting sulfonic acid groups, and generating a strongly acidic carbon material; (2) enabling the strong acidic carbon material prepared in step (1) and tert-butylaniline or n-butylamine to be subjected to diazotization in an acidic solvent in the presence of an oxidant, grafting hydrophobic functional groups, and generating the hydrophobic strongly acidic carbon material. The catalyst prepared with the method has ultrahigh hydrophobicity, higheracid density and better stability; preparation steps are simple, the cheap and available porous carbon material is adopted as a support, equipment requirements are low, industrialization is facilitated, and the material can be used for multiple catalytic reactions and has wide application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials, and relates to a carbon material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Acid catalyst plays a very important role in organic chemical industry, and it is an extremely critical factor affecting the reaction rate and yield. Acid-catalyzed chemical reactions are mainly divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. In the process of homogeneous catalysis, liquid acid not only corrodes equipment, but also its strong oxidizing, dehydrating and sulfonating abilities often cause side reactions and can pollute the environment. The advantages of heterogeneous catalysis of solid acid catalysts compared with homogeneous catalysis: easy to separate from products and reusable catalyst; Sustainable development, reducing the discharge of harmful waste liquid; easy to store and handle. [0003] Although solid acid catalysts have many advantages, there are also some ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Although solid acid catalysts have many advantages, there are also some disadvantages: (1) The activity of solid acid catalysts is not as good as that of liquid acids such as sulfuric acid; (2) Generally, solid acid catalysts have poor stability, are easy to deactivate, and have a short life. (3) The specific surface area of ​​general solid acid catalysts is small, and the reaction substrate molecules are not easy to contact with the acid sites, and the reactivity is not high; (4) The general solid acid catalysts are weak in hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, and non-polar organic substrate molecules are not easy to Contact with acidic sites affects the reactivity, especially in organic reactions involving water (such as esterification, fructose dehydration, etc.), the polar water of the product molecule easily covers the acidic sites of the catalyst, affecting the reactivity and catalyst cycle

The direct sulfonation method has a large load of sulfonic acid groups and many acid sites, but due to the hydrophilicity of the sulfonic acid groups, the resulting sulfonated biochar cannot be directly used as a hydrophobic catalyst.

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