Three-component mercury-free catalyst for hydrochlorination of acetylene and preparation method of catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a mercury-free catalyst for hydrochlorination of acetylene and a preparation method of the catalyst. The catalyst contains carrier activated carbon and an active component which is a mixture of three components, wherein the component A is chloroauric acid, the component B is copper chloride, the component C is one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, rubidium chloride, cesium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, cerium chloride and barium chloride, the weight percentage of a gold element in the component A and the carrier is 0.01%-0.1%, the weight percentage of copper chloride in the component B and the carrier is 0.5%-20%, and the weight percentage of the component C and the carrier is 1%-30%. The active component is supported on the carrier through equivalent-volume impregnation, and the novel mercury-free catalyst is obtained with a drying means. The catalyst has very high activity, selectivity and better stability in the reaction for preparingvinyl chloride through hydrochlorination of acetylene.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a mercury-free catalyst which can be used for acetylene hydrochlorination and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of catalysts and preparations in chemical production. Background technique [0002] As one of the five general-purpose plastics, PVC plays an important role in national economic construction and is widely used in various industries such as automobiles, building materials, pipes, wires and cables, toys, and food packaging. Acetylene method (acetylene hydrochlorination method), ethylene method and ethane method are the main methods for industrially synthesizing vinyl chloride monomer. my country's basic national conditions of "more coal, less gas, and less oil" determine that the acetylene method has become the mainstream process for the synthesis of vinyl chloride monomer in my country. At present, the catalyst used in the industrial acetylene process is activated carbon-supported mercuric chlorid...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] One of the purposes of the present invention is to solve the problem of environmental pollution caused by the use of highly toxic mercury catalysts in the production of polyvinyl chloride by the calcium carbide acetylene method; the second purpose is to solve the problems of high gold loading and high cost of current activated carbon-loaded gold catalysts; The third purpose is to solve the problems that the current acetylene hydrochlorination reaction catalyst has poor stability, short life, and the phenomenon of overheating in the reaction process is difficult to overcome.