Combined type combustion chamber for two-stroke aviation heavy oil plunger engine

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined type combustion chamber for a two-stroke high-power cross-ratio aviation heavy oil plunger engine. The combined type combustion chamber comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder sleeve, a cylinder head, a plunger and a mono-block pump; the cylinder head is fixed to the top of the cylinder body, the cylinder sleeve is fixed in the cylinder body, and the plunger is arranged inside the cylinder sleeve; a concave pit A is designed in the middle of the top surface of the plunger, a concave pit B is designed in the middle of the bottom surface of the cylinder head, and the concave pit A and the concave pit B are all shallow pits; the concave pit A, the concave pit B and the cylinder sleeve are combined together to form the combined type combustion chamber; and the mono-block pump is fixed to the cylinder head, a nozzle of the mono-block pump extends into the combined type combustion chamber, and nozzle holes of the nozzle are located in the concave pit B. Two air inlets and one air outlet which are opposite to each other are designed and formed in the side wall of the lower portion of the cylinder body. According to the combined type combustion chamber, the structure is compact, the power to weight ratio is big, the combustion speed is high, and the maximum combustion pressure is small; the combustion temperature is low, and the air-exhausting quality is good; and the scavenging form is rotational flow scavenging, the charging loss is effectively lowered, and the volume efficiency is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of aviation piston engines, in particular to a combined combustion chamber of a lightweight two-stroke high power-to-weight ratio aviation heavy oil piston engine. Background technique [0002] The engine is the power output device of the aircraft, and the small piston aeroengine is the main power device used by the military and civilian low-speed aircraft. In recent years, with the development of small aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles, aviation heavy oil piston 4 engine will become the first choice for low-speed aircraft power plant. Aviation heavy oil refers to the heavy oil left after crude oil is extracted from gasoline and diesel oil. The heavy oil piston engine has attracted the attention of developed countries in the world for its low fuel consumption, high power-to-weight ratio and easy availability. It is an inevitable trend of aviation piston engines in the future. . [0003] At present, the mainstrea...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] (1) The power-to-weight ratio is small and the structure is not compact enough

The four-stroke aviation piston engine has more strokes in the working cycle, high structural weight, low liter power, and small power-to-weight ratio; while the traditional two-stroke engine is not compact enough because the cylinder head is connected by bolts, the cylinder head has a large mass, and the power is heavy. smaller than

[0007] (2) Low burning rate

The combustion chamber of the traditional heavy oil piston engine is a deep pit shape, the fuel injection atomization effect is poor, and the combustible mixture is not uniform enough, so the combustion rate is low

[0008] (3) The maximum burst pressure is high

The swirl strength and diffusion strength of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber of the traditional heavy oil piston engine are relatively large, the combustion is violent, and the explosion pressure is large.

[0009] (4) Poor emission quality

The combustible mixture of traditional heavy oil piston engines has a high temperature during the combustion process and works roughly, thus producing more NO x

And the combustion is not complete, part of the fuel is discharged without combustion, so the exhaust quality is poor

[0010] (5) Scavenging is easy to produce short circuit and cause loss

For two-stroke piston engines, short circuits are prone to occur during the scavenging process, resulting in high fuel consumption and poor economy, which cannot meet the needs of long-term battery life

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