Reaction system and method for carbon-containing materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a reaction system and method for carbon-containing materials. The reaction method comprises the steps that medium-temperature pyrolysis is conducted on the solid carbon-containing materials through medium-temperature gas; gas is collected in the medium-temperature pyrolysis process; high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification are conducted on a solid product obtained after medium-temperature pyrolysis; and a high-temperature gaseous product generated by high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification is cooled into medium-temperature gas, and medium-temperature pyrolysis is conducted on the solid carbon-containing materials through the medium-temperature gas. The reaction method is realized through the reaction system. In this way, the medium-temperature pyrolysis process and the high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification process of the carbon-containing material form a cycle; the solid product, with the high carbon content, obtained after medium-temperature pyrolysis can be used as the raw material used for high-temperature pyrolysis and gasification, and the high-temperature gaseous product generated by igh-temperature pyrolysis and gasification can be used as a heat source for medium-temperature pyrolysis after being cooled, so that heat energy of the system is sufficiently utilized while sufficient pyrolysis of the carbon-containing materials is achieved, and energy consumption of the system is low; and due to the fact that emissions are few, the environmental friendliness is good.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of reaction of carbon-containing materials, in particular to a reaction system and method of carbon-containing materials, which are especially used for hydrogen production. Background technique [0002] Carbonaceous materials can be used to prepare various product gases, such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and acetylene. Among them, hydrogen energy has many advantages and can be applied in many fields, but hydrogen energy is a secondary energy source that needs to be produced through certain methods. The principle of producing hydrogen molecules is to use a chemical reaction to separate hydrogen molecules from hydrogen-containing compounds. This chemical reaction process requires energy input from the outside. In an ideal state, according to the law of energy conservation, the energy required to produce hydrogen should be equal to the energy released by the complete combustion of the produced hydrogen. However, there...

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Problems solved by technology

[0010] In my country, most of the electricity is generated by coal-fired power plants. The scale of hydropower and wind power generation is relatively small, and the price of electricity fluctuates greatly due to the influence of coal and gas resources. Although water electrolysis hydrogen production has an absolute advantage in raw material resources, it consumes a lot of electricity. , the production cost of hydrogen is too high, and the production of hydrogen from water electrolysis is only possible to be truly competitive economically when using hydropower, solar power or electricity obtained from renewable energy sources

In addition, my country's natural gas reserves are relatively low, and the per capita share is seriously low. Natural gas-steam reforming hydrogen production technology can only be used in areas where natural gas is relatively abundant and difficult to export, such as Sichuan and Chongqing, or natural gas is used as a process by-product gas, such as petroleum refining It is more feasible to use this method in the production of industrial dry gas, but the large-scale use of this method for hydrogen production is not in line with the specific national conditions of our country

At present, the vast majority of methanol itself is synthesized from hydrogen and carbon monoxide. It is obviously economically uneconomical to use methanol synthesized from hydrogen to produce hydrogen, and it also wastes a lot of resources.

[0011] In addition, the preparation of other product gases is similar, and the reaction process of carbon-containing materials consumes a lot of energy. Therefore, it is of positive significance to provide a low-pollution, low-emission clean carbon-containing material reaction process

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