Device utilizing waste plastics to thermally convert and prepare hydrogen-rich syngas and process

Abstract

The invention discloses a device utilizing waste plastics to thermally convert and prepare hydrogen-rich syngas and a process. The device utilizing the waste plastics to thermally convert and prepare the hydrogen-rich syngas comprises a waste plastic horizontal pipe type furnace steam pyrolysis part, a high temperature water steam gasified part, a cyclone separation dust remover part and a high temperature melting part. The device utilizing the waste plastics to thermally convert and prepare the hydrogen-rich syngas and the process pyrolyze waste plastics firstly, and generate pyrolysis mixture gas and solid residue. The pyrolysis mixture gas intensifies water steam to gasify and convert to be hydrogen-rich syngas through adsorption of carbon dioxide (CO2), the solid residue is treated in a molten pool in high temperature of 1400-1600 DEG C, and combustible components are burnt out in high-temperature processing, and also play the role of thorough destroyed poisonous. Residue which is discharged from the molten pool is used as building materials at last, is safe to use, the whole processing process does not generate secondary pollution, and the device utilizing the waste plastics to thermally convert and prepare the hydrogen-rich syngas and the process are an extremely thoroughly environment-friendly energy conversion processing technology of waste plastics.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy engineering, and relates to a device and a process method for producing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas and building materials by thermal conversion of waste plastics. Background technique [0002] my country's plastic production and consumption are huge, which not only facilitates people's lives, but also produces more than 12 million tons of plastic waste every year, and the problem of "white pollution" has become increasingly prominent. Plastics are mostly made of petroleum, which has high energy utilization value. The current technology focuses on the production of oil products from waste plastics. The process includes: thermal cracking, distillation, condensation, separation and other processes. The most important thing is to produce The quality of the oil taken is very poor, and the process produces serious secondary pollution. In terms of recycling energy from waste plastics, whether it is ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Plastics are mostly made of petroleum, which has high energy utilization value. The current technology focuses on the production of oil products from waste plastics. The process includes: thermal cracking, distillation, condensation, separation and other processes. The most important thing is to produce The quality of the oil taken is very poor, and the process produces serious secondary pollution

In terms of recycling energy from waste plastics, whether it is combustion and utilization of heat energy, or pyrolysis, gasification, etc., there are problems such as low utilization rate of waste plastics directly used and large amount of pollutants, especially because of low temperature and poor conversion. Completely produced complex chloride pollutants, such as dioxin, have caused great harm to humans

[0003] It is universally recognized that in the process of waste plastics thermochemical treatment, a single disposal technology will inevitably bring serious pollution problems, such as: simple pyrolysis of waste plastics, due to incomplete pyrolysis, the remaining solid residues form secondary pollution, simple gasification waste Plastics also form a large amount of harmful polluting gases. The carbon content and toxic and harmful elements in the gasification residues also cause huge environmental problems. Due to the complex characteristics of waste plastics, they will soften at lower temperatures. Currently, there is no gasification method for waste. Plastics enable stable, efficient operation

[0004] The patent application with the application number 201410848534.X discloses a preparation process of using waste plastics to produce fuel oil. First, the waste plastics are chopped and put into the pyrolysis tank, and the catalyst is added. The temperature is controlled to heat the materials in different temperature ranges to make them react. It proceeds slowly, collects distillate products at different temperature ranges, and finally condenses them into different distillate products. The process is very complicated, and the process cost is very high due to the addition of catalysts, and it is easy to produce secondary pollution

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