A method and device for synchronous powder feeding space laser processing and three-dimensional forming

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for synchronous powder feeding space laser processing and three-dimensional forming. The three-dimensional entity is divided into several forming units according to the principles of body simplification and nozzle cladding scanning accessibility, and then each forming unit is divided into several layers. Single-beam air-borne powder feeding mode in the hollow ring laser light, control the mechanical arm to drive the light inner powder feeding nozzle to scan and move in the filling area and boundary area of ​​the layer according to the predetermined track, and complete the forming cladding accumulation forming of the layer to the whole unit in sequence . The device includes an optical internal powder feeding nozzle, a laser generator, a mechanical arm, a control module, a transmission fiber, an airborne powder feeder and an air source, and the control module is connected to the mechanical arm, the laser generator, and the airborne powder feeder respectively. Connected, the optical internal powder feeding nozzle is fixed on the front end of the mechanical arm and can move spatially with the mechanical arm. The invention can realize cladding processing and three-dimensional stacking forming on any surface in space, and can perform unsupported three-dimensional forming of components with complex structures such as overhangs and cavities.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a laser processing and forming technology, in particular to a method and device for synchronous powder feeding space laser processing and three-dimensional forming. Background technique [0002] Additive manufacturing technology is a technology that uses the method of gradually accumulating materials to manufacture solid parts. Among them, there are two methods of laser additive manufacturing commonly used for metals: laser powder bed selective sintering and melting and laser synchronous feeding cladding forming. Selective sintering is supported by a powder bed, and can form metal parts with complex shapes and overhanging structures, but the equipment is expensive, the cost is high, and the forming size is limited. The laser synchronous feeding method cladding and forming metal can approach or reach the performance of forgings, and the cost is low. This process can be integrated with various CNC processing machine tools and mo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Because this method of powder feeding from the laser side is not coaxial powder feeding, it is only suitable for cladding in a fixed direction, and cannot meet the isotropic requirements of facade forming, let alone realize three-dimensional forming on any surface in space

[0005] At present, the laser three-dimensional cladding and forming method of synchronous powder feeding method has the following disadvantages: (1) In the layered three-dimensional forming of the overhanging structural parts, the upper and lower layers of the overhanging boundary are dislocated due to the lack of support, and the light ones cause the forming accuracy to decrease, forming a "step" on the surface "effect"; in severe cases, it will cause loss of light powder, flow of molten pool, and unsustainable accumulation and forming; (2) It can only complete the formation of simple structures such as upright or small-angle camber, but cannot complete complex structures such as large-angle camber, cantilever or cavity. Forming; (3) Cladding processing, repairing or forming can only be performed on horizontal surfaces or small-angle inclined surfaces, and cladding processing, repairing or three-dimensional accumulation forming cannot be performed on any inclined surface in space

Images