A smart gel material for preventing coal spontaneous combustion

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent gel material for controlling coal spontaneous combustion. The intelligent gel material comprises a super-absorbent temperature-sensitive colloid, an expandable aggregate and a foaming agent, wherein the super-absorbent temperature-sensitive colloid is prepared from one or more of chitosan, starch, acrylic acid and acrylamide through polymerization under the action of an initiating agent and a crosslinking agent under the conditions of an alkaline environment and a high temperature; the expandable aggregate is expandable graphite; the foaming agent is one or more of sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate. The intelligent gel material disclosed by the invention is extremely high in sensitiveness to the temperature; the physical performance and the chemical structure can be changed over the temperature; compared with a conventional gel, the intelligent gel material is capable of accurately locating a high-temperature fire source and rapidly releasing water in a human body, and plays roles of cooling and extinguishing fire; the viscosity is increased after the water is lost, and the intelligent gel material can be adhered on the surface of the high-temperature fire source to play a role of isolating oxygen; after completing losing water, the intelligent gel material is capable of realizing secondary expansion under the condition of the high temperature, and plays a role of blocking air.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fire-preventing materials, in particular to an intelligent gel material for preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion. Background technique [0002] Coal spontaneous combustion is one of the major hidden dangers threatening the safe production of coal mines in my country. Fires caused by coal spontaneous combustion not only cause a large number of casualties and serious economic losses, but also cause large-scale environmental pollution, vegetation destruction, soil desertification and other problems. In order to prevent coal spontaneous combustion, technologies such as grouting, spraying inhibitors, inert gas injection, colloid injection, three-phase foam injection, aerosol inhibitors, equal pressure fire prevention, and solidified foam plugging are widely used at home and abroad. In terms of grouting materials, there are mainly yellow mud and fly ash, in addition to gangue, sand, cement mo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These technologies play an important role in ensuring the safe production of mines, but there are still some problems: as yellow mud grouting will consume a large amount of farmland, fly ash plugging effect is poor, gangue pulping cost is high; water glass-ammonium salt gel produces toxic Odorous ammonia gas, polymer colloids have poor fluidity and a small penetration range; three-phase foams have low strength and poor stability, and cannot guarantee the durability of plugging; organic foam materials are expensive, and the reaction process is exothermic, which is unsafe factors; inert gas is easy to diffuse with air leakage, and is not easy to stay in the injection area

[0003] It can be seen that the existing fire-fighting materials have defects in varying degrees. In order to speed up the treatment of existing fire areas and curb the occurrence of new fire areas, it is urgent to develop new materials for fire prevention and extinguishing in mines, jumping out of existing theories and technologies framework to find more effective fire suppression materials and technologies