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Nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite, and preparation method and application thereof

A nanocomposite material and nitrogen-hybridized carbon technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, catalyst activation/preparation, nanotechnology, etc., can solve the problem that catalytic activity and stability cannot meet the requirements of large-scale practical use of low-temperature fuel cells , to achieve excellent catalyst activity and stability, not easy to be oxidized, and good electron donating effect

Active Publication Date: 2014-01-15
PEKING UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] At present, it is known that carbon-supported platinum metal catalysts are far from meeting the requirements of large-scale practical use of low-temperature fuel cells in terms of catalytic activity and stability.

Method used

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  • Nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite, and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0060] Example 1. Preparation of metal nanocluster-nitrogenated carbon nanohorn-graphite composite (Pt / NCC-9) containing 9wt%Pt (method 2)

[0061] Drop 5ml of water into the cavity of the DC arc synthesizer, and the other reaction gas is air, so that the pressure ratio of water in the total reaction gas is 70%, and the gas pressure in the cavity is 5×10 4 Pa. Using graphite rods as cathode and anode, the DC arc discharge current is 110A, and nitrogen hybrid carbon nanohorn-graphite composites were synthesized by DC arc method. The discharged solid product was heat-treated at 673K ​​in air for 4 hours to obtain a nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite material. Elemental analysis showed that the nitrogen content in nitrogen-hybridized carbon nanohorns-graphite nanocomposites was 1.6wt.%.

[0062] figure 1 It is the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) spectrum of nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite composite material. The thermal weight loss below 6...

Embodiment 1

[0065] The transmission electron microscope (TEM) photo of the platinum nanocluster-nitrogenated carbon nanohorn-graphite composite prepared in Example 1 is as follows: figure 2 shown. In the platinum nanocluster-nitrogenated carbon nanohorn-graphite composite powder, the composite structure formed by nitrogenated carbon nanohorn and graphite is clearly visible, the average particle size of the nanohorn cluster is 40-60 nanometers, and the graphite sheet The length is 20-60 nanometers, the graphite flakes are interspersed in the nitrogen-hybridized carbon nanohorn body, interwoven into a high specific surface area conductive nano-network, and the Pt nanoclusters are well dispersed in the network of the nitrogen-hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite composite material , the average particle size is 1.9 nanometers, and the particle size distribution is 0.5-4 nanometers.

[0066] image 3 It is the X-ray diffraction pattern of the platinum nanocluster-nitrogenated carbon nanohor...

Embodiment 2

[0073] Example 2. Preparation of Pt metal nanocluster-nitrogenated carbon nanohorn-graphite composite (Pt wt.%: 20%, Pt / NCC-20)

[0074] Pass the air through the 323K saturated water vapor into the cavity of the DC arc synthesizer, so that the pressure ratio of water in the total reaction gas is 12%, and the gas pressure in the cavity is 9×10 4 Pa. Nitrogenated carbon nanohorn-graphite composites were synthesized by direct current arc method with graphite rod as cathode and anode, and the discharge current of direct current arc was 120A. The discharged solid product was heat-treated at 573K in air for 10 hours to prepare nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite material. Elemental analysis showed that the nitrogen content in the nitrogen-hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite was 1.8wt.%. The thermogravimetric analysis of nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite composite material shows that the weight ratio of nitrogen hybridized nanohorn an...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite, a preparation method thereof and application of the nanocomposite as a catalyst carrier. A nanometer composite catalyst provided by the invention is composed of the nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite nanocomposite and a transition metal and / or transition metal alloy nano-cluster, wherein the mass percentage content of the transition metal and / or transition metal alloy nano-cluster is 0.1 to 80%, the size of the transition metal and / or transition metal alloy nano-cluster is 0.5 to 20 nm, and the transition metal and / or transition metal alloy nano-cluster is dispersed in a porous nanometer network formed by nitrogen hybridized carbon nanohorns and graphite. As a fuel cell catalyst, the nanometer composite catalyst has excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in reactions like oxygen reduction and methanol oxidation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a nitrogen-hybridized carbon nanohorn-graphite composite nanomaterial, its preparation method and its application as a catalyst carrier. Background technique [0002] A fuel cell, a device that converts chemical energy directly into electricity, is one of the most attractive methods of generating electricity in the 21st century. Low-temperature fuel cells such as solid polymer membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFC) are expected to become ideal power sources for mobile and portable devices due to their high energy density, environmental friendliness, mild operating conditions and easy mobility. The supported platinum-based noble metal catalyst is the core component of this type of fuel cell. How to enhance the stability of the catalyst while improving the catalytic activity and reduce the amount of Pt metal to reduce the cost is the key to be solved in the practical process of low-temperature fuel cells...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/96H01M4/92H01M4/88B82Y30/00B01J27/24B01J37/34B01J32/00
CPCB82Y30/00B82Y40/00H01M4/8803H01M4/926Y02E60/50
Inventor 王远刘岩施祖进张琳玮高昂
Owner PEKING UNIV
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