Ecological cushion

An ecological mat and plant material technology, applied in the field of fruit tree drought-resistant and moisture-preserving ecological mat, can solve the problems of insufficient regional precipitation, high cost, uneven temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation, etc., reduce surface water evapotranspiration, ease surface temperature changes, and be simple and convenient to implement Effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-10-09
BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, mushroom residues are mainly used alone or mixed with other substrates as common base fertilizers or reused and converted into pollution-free organic fertilizers through microbial engineering, but they are rarely used in the production of ecological mats.
[0005] At present, the drought-resistant and moisture-retaining ecological mats on the market are mostly used in landscaping and water and soil conservation. Most of the materials are oil palm fruit frame fiber, coconut fiber, bamboo fiber and polymer materials. The cost is high and it is not suitable for promotion in orchards. application
In agricultural and forestry production, there are problems such as insufficient regional precipitation, uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space, seasonal drought, and low water resource utilization efficiency caused by rapid soil evaporation after irrigation or precipitation. Proper water storage and moisture conservation measures are needed in production to deal with drought.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0032] Embodiment 1, hard ecological mat

[0033] 1) The composition and characteristics of plant material a and plant material b are shown in the data in Table 1.

[0034] Plant material a can be cut into specifications within the corresponding range by raw materials, and plant material b can be processed by existing crushing machinery in production. The length and diameter in the table refer to the average length and average diameter respectively.

[0035] Table 1 Characteristics of different types of plant materials

[0036]

[0037] 2) Mix 60 parts by mass of mushroom dregs, 15 parts by mass of plant material a and 20 parts by mass of plant material b, then add 5 parts by mass of starch glue, adjust the water content to 130%, and press it with a rolling machine to produce In flake form, after drying below 80°C until the water content is 15%, pack or pile into stacks for use, its dry density is 406.4kg / m 3 . The ecological mat can be cut into different sizes after pre...

Embodiment 2

[0041] Embodiment 2, soft ecological mat

[0042] 1) The composition and characteristics of plant material a and plant material b are shown in the data in Table 2.

[0043] Table 2 Characteristics of different types of plant materials

[0044]

[0045] 2) Mix 50 parts by mass of mushroom dregs, 30 parts by mass of plant material a and 20 parts by mass of plant material b until the water content reaches 85%, and add a degradable fiber net layer (polyester) on the upper surface and the lower surface Succinate (PBS) fibers (as figure 1 Shown), pressed into flakes with a rolling machine, then dried at a temperature below 80°C to a moisture content of 15%, packed into rolls or stacked for use, and its dry density is 359.4kg / m 3 . The ecological mat can be cut into different sizes after pressing to meet different usage needs.

[0046] The soft ecological mat made in this example has a measured porosity of 34.0%, and a saturated water absorption of 237.0%.

[0047]Set up a co...

Embodiment 3

[0049] Embodiment 3, fast greening mat

[0050] 1) The composition and characteristics of plant material a and plant material b are shown in the data in Table 3.

[0051] Table 3 Characteristics of different types of plant materials

[0052]

[0053] 2) Mix 55 parts by mass of mushroom dregs, 15 parts by mass of plant material a, 15 parts by mass of plant material b and 15 parts by mass of peat until the water content reaches 85%, and add a degradable fiber mesh layer on the lower surface Poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) fibers are pressed into sheets by a rolling machine, then dried at a temperature below 45°C to a moisture content of 15%, and packed into rolls or stacked for use. After pressing, the ecological mat can be cut into different sizes to meet different usage requirements, and its dry density is 343.5kg / m 3 . The fast greening mat can be implanted with grass seeds on the upper surface during pressing, and can also be implanted with grass seeds on the upper surfa...

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Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological cushion. The ecological cushion comprises mushroom scraps, a plant material a and a plant material b. Both the plant material a and the plant material b are made of crop stalks and / or rice husks, the plant material a is of a filament shape or a strip shape, the plant material b is of a particle shape or a filament shape, and the crop stalks can be rice straw and / or wheat straw. The void ratio of the hard ecological cushion reaches 15-35%, the saturation water absorption ratio (the ratio of the maximum water holding capacity to the dry weight after saturation water absorption is conducted) reaches 160%-260%, the day maximum temperature of a land where soil is covered by the ecological cushion by 5cm is decreased by 8.3 DEG C compared with a bare land, and yield of the land can be increased by 10-15% when the land is used for cultivating castanea mollissima. The ecological cushion is formed without adopting artificial resultant or coconut shreds, monofilaments and other libriform fibers, and efficiency of the land covered by the ecological cushion is increased by 4-7 times compared with the efficiency of the land covered by the scattered mushroom scraps.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an ecological mat, in particular to an ecological mat for drought resistance and moisture conservation of fruit trees. Background technique [0002] The nutritional material required for saprophytic life of edible fungi is called compost (cultivation material). The types of compost used in the actual cultivation of edible fungi mainly include: one is crop straw, including rice straw, wheat straw, corn cob, corn stalk, Cottonseed hulls, etc. are widely used cultivation materials; the second type is woody materials, such as sawdust or sawdust of sweetgum, oak and other plants; the third is residues, such as bagasse, distiller's grains, vinegar grains, etc. The slag produced after the growth of edible fungi is called mushroom slag, which contains crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and potassium, and is very nutritious. [0003] Mushroom dregs can be used in agriculture and forestry man...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01G1/04C05G3/00
Inventor 陈志钢苏淑钗马履一陈凤张兵李超
Owner BEIJING FORESTRY UNIVERSITY
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