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Porous carbon fiber, and preparation method and application thereof

A technology of porous carbon fiber and pore-forming agent, which is applied in fiber treatment, fiber chemical characteristics, textiles and papermaking, etc. It can solve the problems of high cost, brittle carbon fiber, and limit the application of porous carbon fiber, and achieve low cost and simple preparation.

Active Publication Date: 2013-07-31
INST OF CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The following problems still exist in the preparation methods of porous carbon fibers reported in the literature: the pore-forming process is cumbersome and complicated, the cost is high, and it is difficult to realize industrial production; the carbon fiber is brittle and other shortcomings
The above problems greatly limit the application of porous carbon fibers in filtration, oil-water separation, clean-up of offshore oil spills, supercapacitors, and lithium-ion batteries.

Method used

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  • Porous carbon fiber, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Porous carbon fiber, and preparation method and application thereof
  • Porous carbon fiber, and preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] 1) Add 0.6g of nano-calcium carbonate, a pore-forming agent with a particle size of 50nm, into 10g of organic solvent N,N-dimethylformamide, ultrasonically treat for 0.5h, and add 1.5g of high-molecular polypropylene with a number-average molecular weight of 1.5 million Nitrile, stirred at 80°C for 2 hours to form a milky white viscous solution, which is the spinning solution.

[0044] 2) The electrospinning process is carried out on a single-nozzle electrospinning device, which consists of a DC high-voltage power supply, a single capillary spinneret, a collecting plate and a ground wire. The collecting plate is made of aluminum foil, and the electrospinning temperature is 15°C.

[0045] The specific preparation process is as follows: transfer the milky white precursor solution prepared above into a 10mL medical syringe, inject it into the spinneret at a flow rate of 1.0mL / h, and apply a high-voltage electric field between the spinneret and the collecting plate to make t...

Embodiment 2

[0051] 1) Add 0.6g of nano-calcium carbonate with a particle size of 20nm to 10g of N,N-dimethylformamide, ultrasonically treat it for 0.5h, add 1.5g of polymer polyacrylonitrile with a number average molecular weight of 150w, and stir at 80°C 2h to form a milky white viscous solution, which is the spinning solution.

[0052] 2) carry out electrospinning according to embodiment 1 step 2);

[0053] 3) Carry out pre-oxidation and carbonization according to step 3) of Example 1, and only replace the temperature of the carbonization step with 600°C. After cooling down to room temperature, put the black carbon fiber membrane into 2M sulfuric acid solution and wash it for 1 hour to remove CaCO 3 , and finally washed and dried to obtain porous carbon fibers.

[0054] Figure 4 It is the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve of porous carbon fiber, only in the range of macropores between 0.8 and 1.0, there is adsorption amount and accompanied by the appearance of hysteresis loop, whi...

Embodiment 3

[0058] 1) Add 1.5g of nano-calcium carbonate with a particle size of 80nm to 10g of N,N-dimethylformamide, ultrasonically treat it for 0.5h, add 1.5g of polymer polyacrylonitrile with a number average molecular weight of 150w, and stir at 80°C 2h to form a milky white viscous solution, which is the spinning solution.

[0059] 2) Perform electrospinning according to step 2) of Example 1, only the electrospinning temperature is replaced by 30°C, the flow rate is replaced by 1.5mL / h, and the working voltage is replaced by 30kV;

[0060] 3) Perform pre-oxidation, carbonization and pickling according to step 3) of Example 1, only the pre-oxidation temperature is replaced with 230°C, and the carbonization temperature is replaced with 1000°C.

[0061] Image 6 It is the nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve of porous carbon fiber. There is a hysteresis loop in the mesopore absorption range near the relative pressure of 0.5-0.8, and there is a higher adsorption capacity in the macropo...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a porous carbon fiber and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: spinning a spinning liquid composed of a pore forming agent, a high polymer and an organic solvent, carbonizing, and pickling to obtain the porous carbon fiber. The method has the advantages of simple preparation, high output and low cost, and allows the porous carbon fiber simultaneously having micro-pores, meso-pores and macro-pores to be prepared; and the carbon fiber prepared in the invention is more flexible than that of carbon fibers prepared through other methods.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a porous carbon fiber and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] Due to its unique structure and characteristics, carbon fibers are widely used as macromolecular absorption materials, supercapacitors, batteries, catalyst carriers, gas or liquid filtration, and field emission display materials. Electrospinning is a very simple and efficient method for preparing carbon fibers, and has attracted widespread attention due to its low cost. However, carbon fibers prepared by ordinary electrospinning methods are non-porous carbon fibers with low porosity and pore volume, which greatly limits the application of carbon fibers. In response to this shortcoming, the preparation of porous carbon fibers has aroused widespread research interest in recent years and has become a research and development hotspot. Porous carbon fiber has a high specific surface area due to its macropores (>50nm), mesopores (2-50...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): D01F11/12D01F9/14D01D5/00
Inventor 宋卫国刘华曹昌燕
Owner INST OF CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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