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Porous silicon negative material of lithium ion battery and preparation method and application of material

A technology for lithium ion batteries and negative electrode materials, which is applied to battery electrodes, circuits, electrical components, etc., can solve the problems of complex preparation methods, high costs, and difficulty in large-scale production, and achieves the effects of simple methods, low costs, and improved conductivity.

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-06-19
SHANGHAI INST OF SPACE POWER SOURCES
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  • Abstract
  • Description
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  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Generally speaking, the preparation methods of these materials are relatively complicated, the cost is high, and it is not easy to produce on a large scale.

Method used

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  • Porous silicon negative material of lithium ion battery and preparation method and application of material
  • Porous silicon negative material of lithium ion battery and preparation method and application of material
  • Porous silicon negative material of lithium ion battery and preparation method and application of material

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Embodiment

[0025] The porous nano-silicon material is prepared by etching SiAl alloy powder with hydrochloric acid. Weigh a certain mass of silicon-aluminum alloy (composition: 80% Al, 20% Si, particle size about 15 μm) powder, add it to excess 8% HCl (AR) aqueous solution in batches, and stir continuously with a magnetic stirrer. The reaction product was washed three times with deionized water to remove AlCl 3 . Then placed in 2% HF ethanol solution and stirred for 2h to dissolve the SiO on the silicon surface2 . Then wash with deionized water and absolute ethanol several times. Finally, it is placed in a vacuum oven and dried at 80° C. to obtain a porous nano-silicon powder. Such as figure 1 Shown is the SEM image of porous silicon powder. It can be seen that the particles of the material are less than 20 μm, and have an obvious sponge-like porous structure composed of nanoparticles. The fine and dense pores in the particles are formed after the aluminum component in the silicon-a...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a porous silicon negative material of a lithium ion battery, and a preparation method and application of the material. The method comprises the following steps of: reacting silicon alloy powder, which is taken as a raw material, with inorganic acid to generate porous silicon particles; and washing the porous silicon particles by an HF (Hydrogen Fluoride) acid solution to eliminate surface silicon oxide, and washing and drying the washed porous silicon particles so as to obtain the porous silicon material. The porous silicon material prepared by the method has a sponge-shaped structure which is formed by linking nano silicon particles; the particle sizes of the particles of the porous silicon negative material range from 0.01 micron to 50 microns; the specific surface area of the material is 30-600cm<2> / g; the porous silicon negative material can be taken as a negative material of a lithium ion battery; and in a lithium ion battery electrolyte, the porous silicon powder shows high specific discharge capacity and charge-discharge circulation stability. The porous silicon negative material has the advantages of low cost, simplicity and convenience in method and high electrochemical property, and can be applied to production of silicon negative materials of high-performance lithium ion batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of new energy and relates to a lithium ion battery, in particular to a lithium ion battery porous silicon negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. [0002] The present invention belongs to the field of new energy. As a new energy battery, lithium-ion battery is currently the rechargeable battery with the highest specific energy and wide application, and the most promising power battery for electric vehicles. For the current practical lithium-ion battery negative electrode activity Due to the low discharge specific capacity of graphite (372 mAh / g), this patent invented a method for preparing porous silicon for high-performance lithium-ion batteries by acid-etching silicon alloy powder. As a negative electrode active material for lithium-ion batteries, the prepared porous silicon It has a discharge specific capacity higher than 2000 mAh / g. After 150 charge and discharge cycles, its discharge specific ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38H01M4/46
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 江志裕朱凯张平郝世吉李纯莉
Owner SHANGHAI INST OF SPACE POWER SOURCES
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