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Cap-shaped nanometer graphite as well as preparation method and application thereof

A nano-graphite, cap-shaped technology, applied in the field of nanomaterial preparation and electrochemical energy storage, can solve the problems of large overlapping surface, loss of specific surface area and pore size, etc., to improve cycle life, reduce emissions, treatment costs, and preparation costs reduced effect

Active Publication Date: 2014-11-26
TSINGHUA UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, these structures still have the problem of relatively large overlapping surfaces, so they still have the disadvantage of losing part of the specific surface area and pore size.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] MgO particles with a diameter of 20 nm were used and hydrothermally treated at 200 °C for 6 hours to form a sheet-like template with a porosity of 70%. After drying, put it into a fluidized bed reactor, feed 100% methane as carbon source, 100% argon as carrier gas, the volume ratio of carbon source and carrier gas is 1:2, and react at 900°C for 1 After 2 seconds, stop feeding the carbon source. Then, 10% water vapor of the total volume of the carbon source and the carrier gas was introduced, and treated at 900°C for 5 minutes. After cooling, put the mixture of cap-shaped nano-graphite and flaky template in 1 mol / L HCl for 1 second, then use ultrasonic treatment with a power of 3 kW for 1 second, and filter the separated flaky template Wash, recycle. The separated cap-shaped nano-graphite is subjected to conventional washing and drying to obtain a cap-shaped nano-graphite product.

[0027] The characteristics of the prepared cap-shaped nano-graphite are: the diameter ...

Embodiment 2

[0029] Using CaCO with a diameter of 5nm 3 The particles were hydrothermally treated at 250°C for 1 hour to form a sheet template with a porosity of 45%. After drying, put it into a fluidized bed reactor, feed a mixture of 30% ethylene and 70% propylene (volume fraction) as a carbon source, and a mixture of 50% hydrogen and 50% argon (volume) as a carrier gas, The volume ratio of carbon source to carrier gas was 1:1, and the carbon source was stopped after reacting at 1000 °C for 3 min. Then add KOH whose mass is 10% of the mass of the flaky template agent, and treat it at 1000°C for 60 minutes. After cooling, put the mixture of cap-shaped nano-graphite and flaky template agent in 0.2mol / L nitric acid for 1 second , and then use an ultrasonic wave with a power of 0.5 kW for 3 minutes, filter and wash the separated sheet-shaped template agent, and recycle it. The separated cap-shaped nano-graphite is subjected to conventional washing and drying to obtain a cap-shaped nano-gra...

Embodiment 3

[0032] ZnO particles with a diameter of 990 nm were used and treated at 500 °C for 5 hours to form a sheet template with a porosity of 30%. After drying, put it into a fluidized bed reactor, and feed a mixture of 30% benzene, 60% toluene and 10% cumene (volume fraction) as a carbon source, and a mixture of 70% hydrogen and 30% nitrogen (volume fraction) As the carrier gas, the volume ratio of carbon source and carrier gas is 1:7, and the carbon source is stopped after reacting at 500 °C for 30 minutes. After cooling, put the mixture of cap-shaped nano-graphite and flaky template in 0.6 mol / L acetic acid for 3 minutes, then use ultrasonic treatment with a power of 1.5 KW for 2 hours, filter and wash the separated flaky template, recycle. The separated cap-shaped nano-graphite is subjected to conventional washing and drying to obtain a cap-shaped nano-graphite product.

[0033]The characteristics of the prepared cap-shaped nano-graphite are: the diameter at the widest point is...

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Abstract

The invention discloses cap-shaped nanometer graphite as well as a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nanometer material preparation and electrochemistry energy storage. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly preparing a template agent capable of generating nonuniform carbon deposition under chemical vapor deposition atmosphere, generating cap-shaped nanometer graphite on the prepared template agent, and finally removing and drying the template agent so as to prepare the cap-shaped nanometer graphite. The prepared cap-shaped nanometer graphite is in a cap-shaped structure, the diameter of the widest part of the cap-shaped nanometer graphite is 6-1000nm, and the height of the cap-shaped nanometer graphite is 1 / 5-1 / 2 of the diameter of the widest part of the cap-shaped nanometer graphite, and the specific surface area of the cap-shaped nanometer graphite is 80-2000m<2> / g. The cap-shaped nanometer graphite served as an electrode material is used for manufacturing a supercapacitor, wherein the mass percent of the cap-shaped nanometer graphite to the supercapacitor is 20-40%; the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and environment protection; the utilization rate of the specific surface area and the energy density of the prepared cap-shaped nanometer graphite are high; and the effect is good when the prepared cap-shaped nanometer graphite serving as the electrode material is used for manufacturing the supercapacitor.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nano-material preparation and electrochemical energy storage, and in particular relates to a cap-shaped nano-graphite and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] A supercapacitor is a device that uses the principle of electrochemical capacitance to store energy. It has the advantages of high power density and long service life. or aircraft) backup lighting power supply, and can also be used as a peak-shaving function of the battery. However, compared with lithium-ion batteries, the energy density of supercapacitors is relatively low, and its application in some small and heavyweight vehicles and mobile electronic devices is limited. [0003] Supercapacitors are mainly composed of electrode materials, electrolytes, diaphragms, collective flow, and packaging shells, among which electrode materials are the key. At present, the electrode materials that can be used for 3-4V capa...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01B31/04B82Y30/00B82Y40/00C01B32/205
Inventor 骞伟中崔超婕余云涛魏飞
Owner TSINGHUA UNIV
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