Exhaust dyeing and cold batching process in low liquor ratio

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust dyeing and cold batching process in a low liquor ratio, which achieves an effect of dyeing uniformly by adopting the low liquor ratio, repeated dipping and feeding in batches, makes up inadequate machine color fixation by a mode of relaxing at the low temperature, fixing the color by adding alkaline and performing cold batching, makes reactive dye and fibers bond sufficiently, and greatly reduces the hydrolysis reaction of a dye. The exhaust dyeing and cold batching process in the low liquor ratio has the characteristics of reducing pollution, saving energy source and improving benefit.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a low-bath-ratio exhaust-dyeing cold-stack process for dyeing textiles made of cellulose fibers and their blends, including yarns and loose fibers, with reactive dyes. Background technique: [0002] Textile fabrics made of cellulose fibers and their blends are mainly dyed with reactive dyes. There are two types of dyeing processes currently used: exhaust dyeing process and pad dyeing process. The advantages and disadvantages of these two processes are : [0003] 1. Exhaustion dyeing process [0004] Most of the dyeing machines used are overflow jet dyeing machines. This type of dyeing machine is dyed with a liquor ratio of 1:7-10. The liquor ratio refers to the weight of the cloth to the weight of the dyeing water. 1kg of cloth is dyed with 10kg of water, that is, 1 : 10, there are also manufacturers who use aerosol spray machines to dye cotton. When this type of dyeing machine dyes cotton, it uses a liquor ratio of 1: 3 to ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

What they have in common is: after the cloth enters the machine, it is connected end to end to form a large circle, and circulates in the machine through the nozzle in a rope shape. Add soda ash in batches or use soda ash-sodium hydroxide and mixed alkali to fix the color. After the dyeing process is completed, wash with water, soap and boil to remove the hydrolyzed dye, and then wash to leave the machine. 55-60°C, high-temperature dyeing temperature is 80-90°C for color fixation, although the dyeing, washing, and soaping in this exhaustive dyeing process are all carried out on the same machine, and computer programming can be used to control its temperature and time and vehicle speed, thus simplifying the operation and making the dyeing simple and easy, but there are still many disadvantages: 1. The cloth passes through the nozzle in a rope shape, and the dye, inorganic salt and alkali agent are injected into the spray liquid after being dissolved and sprayed onto the dyed cloth Because the cloth is in the shape of a rope, there is always a difference between the outer layer and the inner layer when spraying the dye solution from the outside. Of course, through multiple sprays, the dye migration will finally reach a balance, but sometimes there will be strips of uneven depth. ;2. The whole process is carried out on the same machine, so that we cannot choose the best fixing conditions. If the fixing time is prolonged, the production efficiency of the dyeing machine will be reduced; However, high temperature is not conducive to dye adsorption, and the temperature will increase the kinetic energy of dye molecules. Even if the dye that has been adsorbed on the fiber has a high temperature, it can break free from the shackles of hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force and return to the dye solution. , the dye is in the dynamic equilibrium of adsorption-returning to the dye solution, that is, desorption. Increasing the temperature will make the dye tend to return to the dye solution. When alkali is added to fix the color, the dye in the dye solution reacts with water to become a waste "hydrolyzed dye". The opportunity is far greater than the dyes adsorbed on the fiber, so the dye fixation utilization rate of the exhaust dyeing process is not high

[0011] Among them, the cold stack color fixing process has the highest fixing rate of dyes, which can reduce pollution; the utilization rate of dyes is high, and the amount of inorganic salt and alkali agent is less, which makes the economic effect good, so that the overall production cost is reduced, but its disadvantages are: 1. The bath ratio of the pad stacking process is very small, only 1:0.8, that is, the ratio of the cloth weight to the mixed dye solution with the belt is multiplied by 100, and the excess rolling rate is 80%, which makes it difficult to make a small sample, although it can be adjusted to The scrapping rate is similar to that of workshop production, but the stacking time is relatively long. Now the small sample is made by padding and sucking the mixed dye solution, and then heating and fixing the color in a microwave oven.

[0012] The inventor applied for a patent No. ZL200410065918.0 on December 22, 2004, and the name of the invention is a patent on the padding exhaust dyeing cold batch process of circular knitted fabrics. Although it is also an exhaust dyeing cold batch process, it is in When it is used for knitted fabrics, because knitted fabrics now use spandex to increase the elasticity, and the fabrics stretched with spandex must be preformed before dyeing, that is, the cylindrical fabrics are cut to form a single width, and then put on the stenter setting machine through 190°C. , 45 seconds of high temperature setting, and then sewed into a cylinder after setting the shape. In order to maintain the liquid level of the rolling groove during dyeing, a soft roller with a Shore of 55 degrees is used for light rolling, but the needle loops of the cloth will fall and deform after repeated light rolling , leading to poor hand feeling. If the manufacturer has an expanding steaming pre-shrinking machine, the cloth can eliminate the shortcomings of needle loop lodging and poor hand feeling after pre-shrinking and setting.

If the manufacturer does not have a pre-shrinking setting machine, the produced cloth will not satisfy customers with rough hand feeling. In addition, woven fabrics are not afraid of repeated padding. "Padding" is not applicable to knitted fabrics but to woven fabrics. Therefore, the original patent only Limited to circular knitted fabrics, cannot meet the needs