Cathode carbon block structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolysis bath, which belongs to the technical field of the aluminum electrolysis bath. A cathode carbon block structure comprises a bath case and an inner liner, wherein the inner liner mainly consists of a cathode carbon block, a side inner liner, a bottom inner liner and tamping paste, the cathode carbon block is in an L shape, i.e. one edge of the upper surface of the cathode carbon block is projected so that the upper surface of the cathode carbon block is in the L shape, and a cathode steel rod is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the cathode carbon block and is penetrated out from the side part of the electrolysis bath, or the cathode steel rod is vertically arranged at the bottom of the cathode carbon block and is penetrated out from the bottom of the electrolysis bath. Liquid state aluminum liquid of the invention is divided into a plurality of small aluminum cells by the L-shaped cathode carbon block, the flowing and the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid caused by the electromagnetic force effect are effectively restricted, the stability of the electrolysis bath is improved, the height of the aluminum liquid can be lowered, the polar distance of the aluminum liquid can be shortened, the current efficiency can be improved, and the goal of energy saving can be reached.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, belonging to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic cells. Background technique [0002] The Hall-Heroult electrolyser currently used for aluminum industry production uses carbon anodes and carbon block cathodes to produce aluminum by electrolysis of molten alumina. The electrolyte consists mainly of cryolite and alumina melt, in addition to aluminum fluoride dissolved in it. and other fluoride salts. The electrolytically separated aluminum is accumulated on the upper part of the cathode of the carbon block at the bottom of the tank, forming an aluminum liquid layer and serving as a part of the cathode. Since the molten aluminum in the electrolytic cell moves under the influence of the electromagnetic field in the workshop, it is necessary to maintain a certain height of the molten aluminum to reduce the fluctuation of the contact interface with the electrolyte. At p...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the current efficiency of the existing electrolyzers is mostly between 90% and 96%, and the space for improving the current efficiency is limited.

At present, the pole distance of the aluminum electrolytic cell is generally about 4.5-5cm, and the voltage drop caused by the pole distance is about 40% of the total energy consumption. The reduction of the pole distance provides a lot of space for energy saving and consumption reduction. Due to the limitation of the structure and the reduction of the pole distance, due to the influence of the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid electrolyte interface caused by the magnetic field, the electrolytic cell will become unstable, lose current efficiency, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of energy saving

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