Cathode structure of aluminium cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a cathode structure of an aluminium cell, which belongs to the technical field of aluminium cells and comprises a cell shell and a lining, wherein the lining comprises a cathode carbon block, a lateral lining, a bottom lining and a tamping paste. The invention is characterized in that the cathode carbon block in the same aluminium cell is formed by arranging high cathode carbon blocks and low cathode carbon blocks, thereby enabling the upper surface of the cathode to be rugged; a cathode steel bar is horizontally arranged on the bottom of the cathode carbon block and passes through out of the lateral of the aluminium cell. Consequently, aluminium liquid is divided into a plurality of small aluminium ponds, thereby effectively restricting the flow and the fluctuation of the aluminium liquid due to the action of an electromagnetic force, improving the stability of the aluminium cell, reducing the height and the polar distance of the aluminium liquid, improving the current efficiency and achieving the goal of energy saving and consumption reducing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cathode structure of an aluminum electrolytic cell, belonging to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic cells. Background technique [0002] The Hall-Heroult electrolyser currently used for aluminum industry production uses carbon anodes and carbon block cathodes to produce aluminum by electrolysis of molten alumina. The electrolyte consists mainly of cryolite and alumina melt, in addition to aluminum fluoride dissolved in it. and other fluoride salts. The electrolytically separated aluminum is accumulated on the upper part of the cathode of the carbon block at the bottom of the tank, forming an aluminum liquid layer and serving as a part of the cathode. Since the molten aluminum in the electrolytic cell moves under the influence of the electromagnetic field in the workshop, it is necessary to maintain a certain height of the molten aluminum to reduce the fluctuation of the contact interface with the electrolyte. At p...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the current efficiency of the existing electrolyzers is mostly between 90% and 96%, and the space for improving the current efficiency is limited.

At present, the pole distance of the aluminum electrolytic cell is generally about 4.5-5cm, and the voltage drop caused by the pole distance is about 40% of the total energy consumption. The reduction of the pole distance provides a lot of space for energy saving and consumption reduction. Due to the limitation of the structure and the reduction of the pole distance, due to the influence of the fluctuation of the aluminum liquid electrolyte interface caused by the magnetic field, the electrolytic cell will become unstable, lose current efficiency, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of energy saving

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