Cracking method for hydrocarbon oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrocarbon oil cracking method which comprises that: in a riser reactor comprising a plurality of reaction areas, the hydrocarbon oil raw material and the cracking catalyst are made a contact reaction in each reaction area under the condition of cracking reaction, the catalyst is separated from the reaction product to obtain the cracking product and spent catalyst, at least partial spent catalyst is regenerated to obtain the semi-regenerated catalyst and the regenerated catalyst, wherein, the reaction areas comprise at least one middle reaction area and at least one upper reaction area, the upper reaction area is positioned above the middle reaction area; the inferior heavy raw material and the semi-regenerated catalyst are imported in the middle reaction area to allow the heavy raw material to contact the semi-regenerated catalyst; the heavy raw material and the regenerated catalyst are imported in the upper reaction area to allow the heavy raw material to contact the regenerated catalyst. At least one item of the carbon residue content, the content of metal nickel and vanadium, the bitumencarb content and the basic nitrogen content of the inferior heavy raw material is higher than that of the heavy raw material. The method can optimize the cracking conditions of the hydrocarbon oil and improve the distribution of products.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for cracking hydrocarbon oil. Background technique [0002] Catalytic cracking is one of the important means of petroleum secondary processing, which is used to produce gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, etc. from heavy crude oil. Modern catalytic cracking processes use molecular sieve catalysts and the reaction / regeneration process is continuous. The raw oil is atomized with water vapor and sprayed into the riser reactor, where it contacts with the high-temperature catalyst (550-700°C) from the regenerator, and then undergoes cracking reaction. The residence time of the oil and gas generated by the cracking reaction in the riser reactor is very short, generally only a few seconds. The reaction product leaving the riser reactor is separated from entrained catalyst in a settler, and then goes to a fractionation column for product separation. The catalyst with coke (called spent catalyst) falls from the settle...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrocarbon oil cracking method with higher liquid yield and lower yield of dry gas and coke in order to overcome the shortcomings of low liquid yield and high yield of dry gas and coke in the existing hydrocarbon oil cracking method

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