Ultrasonic leaching-extracting separation method for low-yttrium middle-heavy rare earth mine

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic leaching-extracting separating method of low-yttrium middle-heavy typed rare earth ore, which is characterized by the following: adopting low-yttrium middle-heavy typed rare earth ore as raw material and alcaine solution as leaching liquid; blending P507 or P204 and kerosene as extracting liquid; leaching low-yttrium middle-heavy typed rare earth ore to extract and separate at 5-60 deg.c; setting the ultrasonic frequency at 19-80kHz and ultrasonic strength at 0.2-20.0W / cm2; obtaining yttrium rare earth element hydrochlorate enriched material as extracting phase and cerium group rare earth hydrochlorate enriched material as residual phases.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a method for separating medium and heavy rare earth ores with low yttrium, belonging to the field of hydrometallurgy. Background technique: [0002] Low yttrium medium and heavy rare earth ores are rare earth minerals containing cerium group rare earth elements and yttrium group rare earth elements. The enrichment of cerium group rare earth elements and the enrichment of yttrium group rare earth elements can be separated from low-yttrium medium and heavy rare earth ores. Currently, the following separation methods are usually used for separation: [0003] ① Hydrochloric acid leaching and dissolving, in the leaching equipment, use hydrochloric acid aqueous solution to soak and dissolve low-yttrium medium and heavy rare earth ores; [0004] ② After solid-liquid separation and impurity removal, a mixture liquid containing cerium group rare earth elements and yttrium group rare earth elements is obtained; [0005] ③ Use the extr...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] ①The separation process route is long, both leaching equipment and extraction equipment are required, and the production capacity of the equipment is low;

[0007] ②As the extraction proceeds, the rare earth elements of the yttrium group are continuously transferred from the water phase to the extraction phase, which greatly reduces the concentration of the rare earth elements of the yttrium group in the water phase, thereby slowing down the extraction rate, and the rare earth elements of the yttrium group in the obtained extraction phase The content of the element is low, and it is impossible to reach the saturation concentration. To reach the saturation concentration, the load of subsequent evaporation and concentration must be increased; the content of the rare earth elements of the cerium group in the obtained raffinate phase has not reached the saturation concentration, and the amount of material in the separation process is large. heterogeneous separation difficulty

Not only are the comprehensive yields of cerium group rare earth elements and yttrium group rare earth elements low, but also the amount of feed liquid to be treated in the subsequent refining process is very large. If clean production with zero emissions is to be achieved, the treatment cost is very high. will aggravate environmental pollution;

[0008] ③ The leaching and extraction rate and efficiency in the existing separation process are low, and the economic and social benefits are not high

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