35results about How to "Overcome the disadvantages of being messy" patented technology

The invention discloses a deployable cable pole dome structure, comprising an inner cable pole body and an external single-freedom-degree annular connecting bar mechanism, wherein the single-free degree annular connecting bar mechanism comprises at least four shearing type units, a passive cable and an active cable. The invention uses the single-freedom-degree annular connecting bar mechanism to drive the dome structure to fold and unfold, thus number of driving devices is reduced; the active cable and the passive cable are arranged in the external annular connecting bar mechanism, and the prestressing force exists at a full extension state, so that the rigidity of the structure is increased and the material does is reduced; only the active cable needs to be fixed at a full extension state, and an additional locking device is not needed; a coverage range of the dome structure is provided by the inner cable pole body, thus, the external load of the structure is mainly born by the inner cable pole body; the inner cable pole body is composed of a high-strength inhaul cable and a pressure bar; the self weight is light; and the rigidity is mainly provided by the prestressing force, and the stress performance is excellent.

The invention discloses a foldable cylindrical latticed shell structure which is formed by connecting a plurality of trusses of folding arch units, wherein each truss of folding arch unit is formed by n rectangular pyramid basic units in the span direction of the structure; each rectangular pyramid basic unit consists of four forward folding shear type units which are connected end to end through nodes at the end parts to form a ring; the middle nodes of the four folding shear type units are positioned in the same plane, and every two adjacent trusses of folding arch units are connected with each other through a backward folding shear type unit; nodes at the end parts of the backward folding shear type units are connected to the node at the end parts of the forward folding shear type units of each truss of folding arch unit in the length direction of the structure. Compared with the conventional structure, the foldable cylindrical latticed shell structure has the advantages that the structure can be opened and closed as required, and the opening and closing processes are convenient; furthermore, the sizes of the folding shear type units are uniform, so that the folding shear type units are convenient to manufacture, and the structure is high in stability.

The invention discloses a foldable cylindrical structure with four rigid roof plates. The foldable cylindrical structure is composed of multiple truss folding arch units which are connected in the length direction and are provided with rigid roof plates; each truss folding arch unit consists of n rectangular pyramid basic units connected along the span direction of the structure; each rectangular pyramid basic unit consists of four positive folding rod shear-type units; every two adjacent truss folding arch units are connected by virtue of a reverse folding shear-type unit; the rectangular pyramid basic units are provided with rigid roof plate units; each rigid roof plate unit consists of four quadrilateral plates; four joints at the upper layer of each rectangular pyramid basic unit are articulated with four joints at the outmost ring of the corresponding rigid roof plate unit. The unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure is of a single-degree-of-freedom system, and the driving device quantity is reduced; in addition, since the number of parts of the structure is far less than that of a common folding lattice structure, by virtue of rigid plates, the structure is flexible to unfold and fold, the structure rigidity is increased, and the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure is simple in structure construction and convenient in design and construction.

The invention discloses a circumferential retractable roof structure consisting of multiple spherical surface four-connecting-plate mechanisms. Each spherical surface four-connecting-plate mechanism consists of a first flat plate, a second flat plate, a third flat plate and a fourth flat plate, wherein the first flat plate and the fourth flat plate are conical plates, the second flat plate and the third flat plate are frustum-shaped plates, the second flat plate is arranged on the conical bottom surface of the first flat plate and is hinged with the conical bottom surface of the first flat plate by a middle column, the third flat plate is arranged on the conical bottom surface of the fourth flat plate and is hinged with the bottom surface of the fourth flat plate by another middle column, the second flat plate and the third flat plate are hinged in a rolling manner by a common edge of the second flat plate and the third flat plate, the fourth flat plate and the first flat plate are hinged in a rolling manner by the common edge of the fourth flat plate and the first flat plate, a first flat plate of one sphere four-connecting-plate mechanism is hinged with a fourth flat plate of the adjacent sphere four-connecting-plate mechanism in a rolling manner, and a second flat plate of the sphere four-connecting-plate mechanism is also hinged with a third flat plate of the adjacent sphere four-connecting-plate structure in a rolling manner.

The invention discloses an openable house cover with transverse scissor type units. The openable house cover is formed by a column, a scissor type unit ring and a roof. The scissor type unit ring is formed by a circle of scissor units, each scissor unit is formed through pin joint of two strip-shaped plates at the middle pin joint point in the middles of the strip-shaped plates, and two adjacent scissor type units are in pin joint at the ends of the strip-shaped plates through a pin. A roof plate is formed by a circle of folding units evenly distributed on the same circle, the folding units, each unit is formed through pin joint of two sector-shaped plates on the side plate, the inner end of the folding unit is arranged on the column, a scissor unit for driving the corresponding folding unit is arranged at the outer end of the folding unit, and the strip-shaped plates of the scissor type units are arranged perpendicular to the sector-shaped plates. According to the house cover structure, synchronous opening and closing of the house cover system are achieved through opening and closing of the scissor type unit ring. In addition, due to the fact that the number of components of the openable house cover with transverse scissor type units is far more less than that of an ordinary folding grid structure, the openable house cover with transverse scissor type units is reasonable in structure, simple in design and construction and particularly suitable for buildings of middle-small span.

The invention discloses a folding cylindrical surface membrane structure provided with rigid support rods. The folding cylindrical surface membrane structure comprises a latticed shell structure and a membrane structure arranged on the latticed shell structure, wherein the latticed shell structure is formed by connecting a plurality of trusses of folding arch units; each truss of folding arch unit is formed by connecting n rectangular pyramid basic units along the structural span direction; each rectangular pyramid basic unit consists of four positive folding rod scissor-like units; a membrane opening and closing unit comprises four support rods and membrane materials attached on the support rods; the upper ends of the four support rods are hinged, and the lower ends of the four support rods are respectively hinged on four ring-direction connecting nodes of each rectangular pyramid basic unit; the upper parts of the membrane materials are fixed at a point of intersection of the corresponding four support rods, and the lower parts of the membrane materials are respectively fixed on the four ring-direction connecting nodes of the corresponding rectangular pyramid basic unit. Compared with the prior art, the folding cylindrical surface membrane structure not only can be opened and closed according to the needs and is simple in opening and closing processes, but also is good in structure stability; due to a membrane opening and closing structure provided with the ring-direction support rods, the folding cylindrical surface membrane structure is lighter in self weight, flexible in opening and closing and convenient in construction.

The invention discloses an unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure with six rigid plate folding units. The unfoldable cylindrical structure is composed of multiple truss folding arch units which are connected in the length direction; each truss folding arch unit is provided with a rigid roof plate unit system; a rigid roof plate unit is arranged on two adjacent rectangular pyramid basic units in the folding arch unit; each rigid roof plate unit consists of six triangular plates and is rectangular after being unfolded, every two of the six triangular plates are collinear and intersect at one vertex, and according to anticlockwise direction, the six triangular plates are respectively a first triangular plate, a second triangular plate, a third triangular plate, a fourth triangular plate, a fifth triangular plate and a sixth triangular plate. Compared with the existing structure, the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure can be unfolded and folded according to needs, and is convenient in unfolding and folding process and good in structural stability; by virtue of the rigid roof structure, the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure is relatively light in self weight, flexible to unfold and fold, the structure rigidity is increased, and the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure is simple in structure construction and convenient in design and construction, and is especially suitable for medium and small span buildings.

The invention discloses a bidirectional and foldable truss arch bridge structure which consists of a supporting structure and a face plate structure located on the supporting structure. The supporting structure is a foldable truss, and the foldable truss comprises rectangular pyramid units connected in the span direction and stay ropes for folding and unfolding the foldable truss. Each rectangular pyramid unit is formed by cyclically connecting the heads and the tails of four folding rod shear-type units, and the four folding rod shear-type units are connected end to end and then form four upper chord nodes and lower chord nodes. The face plate structure consists of rigid bridge deck slab units. Each rigid bridge deck slab unit consists of four rigid folding slabs, each rigid folding slab is connected with the four upper chord nodes of the rectangular pyramid units through four free nodes. The number of members forming the structure is far smaller than that of a common foldable structure, the numerous and disordered shortcomings of rods in structural appearance are overcome, and the structure is convenient to move and carry, can be repeatedly used, is reasonable in structure and simple in design and construction and is especially suitable for bridges having medium and small spans.

The invention discloses a foldable cylindrical reticulated shell structure, which is formed by connecting multiple folded arch units, and each folded arch unit is composed of n quadrangular pyramid basic units connected along the span direction of the structure, and the quadrangular pyramid basic units consist of Composed of four forward folded bar scissor units, the four forward folded bar scissor units are sequentially connected to form a ring through the end nodes, the middle nodes of the four folded bar scissor units are located in the same plane, and two adjacent The folded arch units are connected by reverse folded scissor units, and the end nodes of the reverse folded scissor units are connected to the end nodes of the forward folded scissor units along the structural length direction of each folded arch unit . Compared with the existing structure, the present invention not only can realize the opening and closing of the structure according to the needs, the opening and closing process is convenient, and the size of the folding bar scissors unit is uniform and easy to manufacture, and the structure has good stability.

The invention discloses a bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure. The bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure is composed of a folding truss and a panel structure on the folding truss. The folding truss comprises two folding truss units, a beam connected between the two folding truss units, and inhaul cables used for folding and unfolding the folding truss units. Every two adjacent lower chord joints on one folding truss unit and two adjacent lower chord joints, at the corresponding positions, on the other folding truss units form a rectangular installation area. The panel structure is composed of rigid panel subunits in the rectangular installation areas. The bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure has the advantages that no extra internal force is generated because the mechanisms are in kinematic compatibility in the folding and unfolding process, and thus the stress performance is excellent; besides, the folding dome mechanism is a single-degree-of-freedom system, and thus the number of driving devices is reduced; moreover, the bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure is convenient to move and transfer, reusable, reasonable in construction, easy to design and construct and especially suitable for small-and-medium span bridges.

The invention discloses a deck type folding truss bridge structure which is composed of a supporting structure and a panel structure located on the supporting structure. The supporting structure is a folding truss. The folding truss comprises two folding truss units, a cross beam connected between the two folding truss units and inhaul cables for folding and unfolding the folding truss units respectively. An intermediate span bridge panel is composed of six triangular plates and is in a rectangular shape after being unfolded. The four corners of the intermediate span panel are hinged to four upper chord joints of the rectangular installation region. The deck type folding truss bridge structure has the advantages that the folding dome mechanism is a single-degree-of-freedom system, and the number of driving devices is decreased; in addition, due to the fact that the number of the components of the deck type folding truss bridge structure is much smaller than that of an ordinary folding structure, the concise and vivid effect is brought to people, and the defect that rod pieces are numerous and messy on the structural appearance is overcome; the deck type folding truss bridge structure is convenient to move and relocate, capable of being recycled, reasonable in structure, easy to design and construct and particularly suitable for bridges of medium and small spans.

The invention discloses an openable house cover structure with transverse double-ring space scissor type units. The openable house cover is formed by two circles of scissor type unit rings and a roof plate. Each circle of scissor type unit rings are formed by a circle of scissor type units, and two adjacent scissor type units are in pin joint at the ends of strip-shaped plates through a pin. The roof plate is formed by a circle of folding units evenly distributed in the same space, the folding units are hinged to each other, each the folding unit is formed through pin joint of two sector-shaped plates, the two circles of scissor type units are respectively located at the inner end and outer end of the roof plate, a circle of the scissor type units are arranged on a pin joint line between two adjacent folding units, and the other circle of scissor type units are arranged on a pin joint line between two sector-shaped plates forming one folding unit. The house cover structure overcomes the shortcoming that a grid structure is provided with many rods, and people feel that the grid structure is disorder. The openable house cover structure is reasonable in structure, simple to design and construct and particularly suitable for buildings of middle and small spans.

The invention discloses an openable roof of a space double-ring shear unit. The openable roof of the space double-ring shear unit is composed of shear type unit rings and a roof plate, the number of the shear type unit rings is two, each shear type unit ring is composed of a circle of shear type unit, each shear type unit is formed by the fact that two strip-shaped plates are in pin joint through a pin joint in the middle of the strip-shaped plates, and two adjacent shear type units are in pin joint together at the ends of the strip-shaped plates through pins. The roof plate is composed of sector plates with the same size, and two adjacent sector plates are in pin joint to form a folding unit. Two adjacent sector plates form a crest line and a valley line on the boundary of space inner roofs. One circle of shear type unit rings are arranged on the crest line, the other circle of shear type unit rings are arranged on the valley line, and the two circles of shear type unit rings are placed at the positions in different radii from the center of the circle of the roof plate. According to the roof structure, annular opening and closing of a roof system are achieved through opening and closing of the shear type unit rings, the structure is reasonable, design and construction are simple, and the openable roof is particularly suitable for small and medium span buildings.

The invention discloses an openable roof with a redundancy restraint function and spatial multi-ring shear type units. The openable roof is composed of shear type unit rings and a roof panel, the number of the shear type unit rings is at least three, each shear type unit ring is composed of a circle of shear type units, each shear type unit is composed of two strip-shaped plates which are in pin joint at a middle pin-joint node of the middle portions of the strip-shaped plates, and every two adjacent shear type units are in pin joint through pins at end portions of the strip-shaped plates. The roof panel is composed of fan-shaped plates of the same size, wherein every two adjacent fan-shaped plates are in pin joint at the side faces to form a folding unit, junction lines of every two adjacent fan-shaped plates in the spatial roof form a crest line and a valley line respectively, and the at least three shear type unit rings are arranged on the crest lines and the valley lines at intervals, and are located at positions with different radius with the circle center of the roof panel. The roof structure is unfolded and folded through the shear type unit rings, and annular opening and closing of the roof are achieved; meanwhile, due to the redundancy restraint function, roof reliability is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a folding arch bridge structure which is composed of a folded truss, a rigid plate bridge deck, a inhaul cable and a beam, wherein the folded truss is composed of two folded truss units, each folded truss unit is formed by the way that a plurality of polar line scissor-like units are connected with one another in the structural span direction, the upper portion of the folded truss is provided with the lower-chord panel points which are formed by the way that the polar line scissor-like units are connected with one another in a hinged mode; the lower portion of the folded truss is provided with the lower-chord panel points which are formed by the way that the polar line scissor-like units are connected with one another in a hinged mode; the rigid plate bridge deck is composed of rigid plate bridge deck board units; each rigid plate bridge deck board unit is composed of six folded rigid plate units and is a rectangle after being unfolded, the four joints outside of each rigid plate bridge deck board unit are connected with the four lower-chord panel points in the rectangular mounting area in a hinged mode. The folded truss is a single-degree-of-freedom system, and reduces the number of actuating devices; the folding arch bridge structure is convenient to move and relocate, can be used repeatedly, and is reasonable in construction, simple in design and construction, and especially suitable for the bridges with medium and small spans.

The invention discloses a ring-direction opening and closing roof structure, which is composed of a multi-spherical four-connected plate mechanism. The spherical four-connected plate mechanism is composed of a first flat plate, a second flat plate, a third flat plate and a fourth flat plate. The first flat plate and the fourth flat plate are conical plates, the second flat plate and the third flat plate are frustum-shaped plates, and the second flat plate is arranged on the conical bottom surface of the first flat plate and passes through the middle column Hinged connection, the third flat plate is arranged on the conical bottom surface of the fourth flat plate and is hinged through another middle column, the second flat plate and the third flat plate are connected by rolling hinges on their common sides, and the fourth flat plate and the first flat plate are hinged. Connected by a common side rolling hinge; the first plate of a spherical four-plate mechanism is connected to the fourth plate rolling hinge of an adjacent spherical four-plate mechanism, and its second plate is connected to the third plate of an adjacent spherical four-plate mechanism Also a rolling hinge connection.

The invention discloses an unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure with six rigid plate folding units. The unfoldable cylindrical structure is composed of multiple truss folding arch units which are connected in the length direction; each truss folding arch unit is provided with a rigid roof plate unit system; a rigid roof plate unit is arranged on two adjacent rectangular pyramid basic units in the folding arch unit; each rigid roof plate unit consists of six triangular plates and is rectangular after being unfolded, every two of the six triangular plates are collinear and intersect at one vertex, and according to anticlockwise direction, the six triangular plates are respectively a first triangular plate, a second triangular plate, a third triangular plate, a fourth triangular plate, a fifth triangular plate and a sixth triangular plate. Compared with the existing structure, the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure can be unfolded and folded according to needs, and is convenient in unfolding and folding process and good in structural stability; by virtue of the rigid roof structure, the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure is relatively light in self weight, flexible to unfold and fold, the structure rigidity is increased, and the unfoldable cylindrical lattice shell structure is simple in structure construction and convenient in design and construction, and is especially suitable for medium and small span buildings.

The invention discloses a foldable cylindrical membrane structure with rigid pressure rods, which includes a reticulated shell structure and a membrane structure arranged on the reticulated shell structure. The reticulated shell structure is composed of multiple folded arch units connected by each folded arch unit. n quadrangular pyramid basic units are connected along the span direction of the structure. The quadrangular pyramid basic unit is composed of four forward folding rod scissor units; the membrane structure is composed of an opening and closing membrane unit arranged on each quadrangular pyramid unit. The opening and closing membrane unit includes a rigid pressure rod, a membrane material attached to the rigid pressure rod, and four cables. The upper part of the rigid pressure rod is connected to the upper part of the membrane material, and the lower part of the rigid pressure rod is connected to one end of the four cables. The lower part of the membrane material is respectively fixed on the four nodes of the quadrangular pyramid unit, and the other ends of the four cables are connected to the four circumferential connection points of the quadrangular pyramid unit. Compared with the existing structure, the invention not only has convenient opening and closing process, but also has good structural stability, light weight of the structure, flexible opening and closing, and convenient design and construction.

The invention discloses an openable roof of a space double-ring shear unit. The openable roof of the space double-ring shear unit is composed of shear type unit rings and a roof plate, the number of the shear type unit rings is two, each shear type unit ring is composed of a circle of shear type unit, each shear type unit is formed by the fact that two strip-shaped plates are in pin joint through a pin joint in the middle of the strip-shaped plates, and two adjacent shear type units are in pin joint together at the ends of the strip-shaped plates through pins. The roof plate is composed of sector plates with the same size, and two adjacent sector plates are in pin joint to form a folding unit. Two adjacent sector plates form a crest line and a valley line on the boundary of space inner roofs. One circle of shear type unit rings are arranged on the crest line, the other circle of shear type unit rings are arranged on the valley line, and the two circles of shear type unit rings are placed at the positions in different radii from the center of the circle of the roof plate. According to the roof structure, annular opening and closing of a roof system are achieved through opening and closing of the shear type unit rings, the structure is reasonable, design and construction are simple, and the openable roof is particularly suitable for small and medium span buildings.

The invention discloses a deck type folding truss bridge structure which is composed of a supporting structure and a panel structure located on the supporting structure. The supporting structure is a folding truss. The folding truss comprises two folding truss units, a cross beam connected between the two folding truss units and inhaul cables for folding and unfolding the folding truss units respectively. An intermediate span bridge panel is composed of six triangular plates and is in a rectangular shape after being unfolded. The four corners of the intermediate span panel are hinged to four upper chord joints of the rectangular installation region. The deck type folding truss bridge structure has the advantages that the folding dome mechanism is a single-degree-of-freedom system, and the number of driving devices is decreased; in addition, due to the fact that the number of the components of the deck type folding truss bridge structure is much smaller than that of an ordinary folding structure, the concise and vivid effect is brought to people, and the defect that rod pieces are numerous and messy on the structural appearance is overcome; the deck type folding truss bridge structure is convenient to move and relocate, capable of being recycled, reasonable in structure, easy to design and construct and particularly suitable for bridges of medium and small spans.

The invention discloses an openable house cover structure with transverse double-ring space scissor type units. The openable house cover is formed by two circles of scissor type unit rings and a roof plate. Each circle of scissor type unit rings are formed by a circle of scissor type units, and two adjacent scissor type units are in pin joint at the ends of strip-shaped plates through a pin. The roof plate is formed by a circle of folding units evenly distributed in the same space, the folding units are hinged to each other, each the folding unit is formed through pin joint of two sector-shaped plates, the two circles of scissor type units are respectively located at the inner end and outer end of the roof plate, a circle of the scissor type units are arranged on a pin joint line between two adjacent folding units, and the other circle of scissor type units are arranged on a pin joint line between two sector-shaped plates forming one folding unit. The house cover structure overcomes the shortcoming that a grid structure is provided with many rods, and people feel that the grid structure is disorder. The openable house cover structure is reasonable in structure, simple to design and construct and particularly suitable for buildings of middle and small spans.

The invention discloses a deployable cable pole dome structure, comprising an inner cable pole body and an external single-freedom-degree annular connecting bar mechanism, wherein the single-free degree annular connecting bar mechanism comprises at least four shearing type units, a passive cable and an active cable. The invention uses the single-freedom-degree annular connecting bar mechanism to drive the dome structure to fold and unfold, thus number of driving devices is reduced; the active cable and the passive cable are arranged in the external annular connecting bar mechanism, and the prestressing force exists at a full extension state, so that the rigidity of the structure is increased and the material does is reduced; only the active cable needs to be fixed at a full extension state, and an additional locking device is not needed; a coverage range of the dome structure is provided by the inner cable pole body, thus, the external load of the structure is mainly born by the inner cable pole body; the inner cable pole body is composed of a high-strength inhaul cable and a pressure bar; the self weight is light; and the rigidity is mainly provided by the prestressing force, and the stress performance is excellent.

The invention discloses a folding dome structure, which comprises an internal cable rod system and an annular connecting rod mechanism, wherein the annular connecting rod mechanism is connected with the internal cable rod system through inhaul cables; the annular connecting rod mechanism is formed by connecting at least four pressure rods end to end through node pieces; and the nodes of the pressure rods are connected with the node pieces through rotating hinges. Folding and unfolding of the internal cable rod system are driven by motion of the annular connecting rod mechanism, so that folding and unfolding of the whole structure are realized; the folding dome structure is simple in motion mechanism and reasonable; the external load of the structure is mainly borne by the internal cable rod system, so the structure has light dead weight; the members of the structure are further fewer than those of a common grid structure, so the folding dome structure achieves a compact and vivid effect and overcomes the defect that rods of a common folding structure are numerous and messy in perception; and the folding dome structure is simple in design and construction, and particularly meets the large-span requirement.

The invention discloses a transverse double-ring shear type unit openable roof which comprises two shear type unit rings and a roof plate. Each shear type unit ring comprises a circle of shear type units, and every two adjacent shear type units are connected at the end of a strip plate through a pin. The roof plate comprises a circle of folding units evenly distributed on the same circle, each folding unit comprises two sector plates connected on a lateral side through a pin, one shear type unit is disposed at the center of the outer end of the folding unit, another shear type unit is disposed on the inner side of the intersection line of every two folding units, the two shear type units jointly drive the folding unit, and each strip plate forming the shear-type unit is vertical to the sector plates. The roof has the advantages that by unfolding and folding of the shear type unit rings, annular synchronous opening and closing a roof system are achieved; due to the two shear type unit rings, no columns are needed to support the center of the roof, space below the roof is saved, and the roof is especially suitable for buildings with medium and small span.

The invention discloses a bi-directional folding truss bridge structure which comprises a support structure and a panel structure located on the support structure, wherein the support structure is a folding truss, and the folding truss comprises quadrangular units connected with each other in the span direction and an inhaul cable used for folding and unfolding the folding truss; an upper chord node and a lower chord node of each of the quadrangular units of the folding truss are respectively provided with one inhaul cable; eight folding rigid plate units are unfolded to form a rectangle, and four edge nodes are formed at the four corners of the rectangle; four edge nodes of a rigid bridge slab are articulated with four upper chord nodes of the quadrangular units. According to the bi-directional folding truss bridge structure disclosed by the invention, a folding dome mechanism is an SDOF (single degree of freedom) system, thereby reducing the number of driving devices; the number of the components of the bi-directional folding truss bridge structure is far smaller than that of a general folding structure, thereby overcoming the defect that rod components are various and messy in structure appearance; the bi-directional folding truss bridge structure is convenient to move and relocate, can be repeatedly used, has reasonable structure and simple design and construction, and is especially suitable for bridges with medium and small spans.

The invention discloses an expandable column surface structure with a foldable rigid roof plate. The expandable column surface structure is formed by connecting a plurality of truss folding arch units along the length direction, wherein the foldable rigid roof plate is arranged on each truss folding arch unit; each truss folding arch unit is formed by connecting n pyramid basic units along the structure span direction, each pyramid basic unit consists of four positive folding rod shear type units, the two adjacent truss folding arch units are connected by a reverse folding shear type unit, and a rigid roof consists of n strip-shaped foldable rigid plate units; four nodes of the upper layer of each pyramid basic unit are hinged to four top points of the outermost circle of the corresponding foldable rigid plate unit. Compared with the prior art, the expandable column surface structure has the advantages that the structure is opened and closed according to requirements, and the opening and closing process is convenient; the sizes of the folding rod shear type units are uniform, the manufacturing is convenient, and the structure stability is good; by arranging the rigid roof structure, the self weight of the structure is lighter, the opening and closing are flexible, the rigidity of the structure is improved, the structure is simple, the design and construction are convenient, and the expandable column surface structure is especially suitable for buildings with medium and small spans.

The invention discloses a bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure. The bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure is composed of a folding truss and a panel structure on the folding truss. The folding truss comprises two folding truss units, a beam connected between the two folding truss units, and inhaul cables used for folding and unfolding the folding truss units. Every two adjacent lower chord joints on one folding truss unit and two adjacent lower chord joints, at the corresponding positions, on the other folding truss units form a rectangular installation area. The panel structure is composed of rigid panel subunits in the rectangular installation areas. The bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure has the advantages that no extra internal force is generated because the mechanisms are in kinematic compatibility in the folding and unfolding process, and thus the stress performance is excellent; besides, the folding dome mechanism is a single-degree-of-freedom system, and thus the number of driving devices is reduced; moreover, the bottom bearing type folding truss bridge structure is convenient to move and transfer, reusable, reasonable in construction, easy to design and construct and especially suitable for small-and-medium span bridges.